Minkyo Song1, Charles S Rabkin1, M Constanza Camargo2. 1. Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 9609 Medical Center Dr., BG 9609/6E338, Rockville, MD, 20852, USA. 2. Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 9609 Medical Center Dr., BG 9609/6E338, Rockville, MD, 20852, USA. camargomc@mail.nih.gov.
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori, the primary risk factor for gastric cancer, is declining globally. Paralleling this trend, gastric cancer incidence is also decreasing. Historically, the populations most affected by this neoplasia have been males, Asians, and groups with low socioeconomic status. This review provides an update on recently published literature regarding changes in gastric cancer epidemiology. RECENT FINDINGS: Gastric cancer incidence trends vary by age, sex, race/ethnicity, and tumor anatomical location. Overall incidence appears to be leveling off among young birth cohorts in Western populations, where H. pylori has declined considerably. The changes are more prominent for females and for tumors arising beyond the esophageal-gastric junction. The classical incidence pattern of gastric cancer is evolving. While uncertain, several hypotheses may explain the changing burden of disease. The mix of gastric cancer risk factors appears to be shifting, with H. pylori no longer the sole etiological driver. These changes may eliminate the previous predilection of males and lead to increases in overall gastric cancer rates. Analytical studies addressing known and novel factors related to major societal transitions may provide clues to understanding re-emergence of this serious public health problem.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori, the primary risk factor for gastric cancer, is declining globally. Paralleling this trend, gastric cancer incidence is also decreasing. Historically, the populations most affected by this neoplasia have been males, Asians, and groups with low socioeconomic status. This review provides an update on recently published literature regarding changes in gastric cancer epidemiology. RECENT FINDINGS:Gastric cancer incidence trends vary by age, sex, race/ethnicity, and tumor anatomical location. Overall incidence appears to be leveling off among young birth cohorts in Western populations, where H. pylori has declined considerably. The changes are more prominent for females and for tumors arising beyond the esophageal-gastric junction. The classical incidence pattern of gastric cancer is evolving. While uncertain, several hypotheses may explain the changing burden of disease. The mix of gastric cancer risk factors appears to be shifting, with H. pylori no longer the sole etiological driver. These changes may eliminate the previous predilection of males and lead to increases in overall gastric cancer rates. Analytical studies addressing known and novel factors related to major societal transitions may provide clues to understanding re-emergence of this serious public health problem.
Entities:
Keywords:
Autoimmune gastritis; Gastric cancer epidemiology; Helicobacter pylori; Incidence trends
Authors: M Constanza Camargo; Neal D Freedman; Albert R Hollenbeck; Christian C Abnet; Charles S Rabkin Journal: Gastric Cancer Date: 2013-10-31 Impact factor: 7.370
Authors: Daniel S Smyk; Andreas L Koutsoumpas; Maria G Mytilinaiou; Eirini I Rigopoulou; Lazaros I Sakkas; Dimitrios P Bogdanos Journal: World J Gastroenterol Date: 2014-01-21 Impact factor: 5.742
Authors: Hongyu Wu; Jennifer A Rusiecki; Kangmin Zhu; John Potter; Susan S Devesa Journal: Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev Date: 2009-06-16 Impact factor: 4.254
Authors: Minkyo Song; M Constanza Camargo; Andriy Derkach; Charles S Rabkin; Eric A Engels Journal: Am J Gastroenterol Date: 2022-03-01 Impact factor: 12.045
Authors: Joseph Tintelnot; Eray Goekkurt; Mascha Binder; Peter Thuss-Patience; Sylvie Lorenzen; Jorge Riera Knorrenschild; Albrecht Kretzschmar; Thomas Ettrich; Udo Lindig; Lutz Jacobasch; Daniel Pink; Salah-Eddin Al-Batran; Axel Hinke; Susanna Hegewisch-Becker; Sven Nilsson; Carsten Bokemeyer; Alexander Stein Journal: BMC Cancer Date: 2020-06-01 Impact factor: 4.430
Authors: Manoela Dias Susi; de Matos Lourenço Caroline; Lucas Trevizani Rasmussen; Spencer Luis Marques Payão; Ana Flávia Teixeira Rossi; Ana Elizabete Silva; Juliana Garcia de Oliveira-Cucolo Journal: World J Gastrointest Oncol Date: 2019-11-15