Li-Jun Zuo1, Peng Guo1, Li Liu2, Shu-Yang Yu1, Teng-Hong Lian1, Qiu-Jin Yu1, Yang Hu1, Zhao Jin1, Rui-Dan Wang1, Ying-Shan Piao1, Li-Xia Li2, Ya-Jie Wang3, Xiao-Min Wang4, Wei Zhang5,6,7,8,9. 1. Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. 2. Department of Internal Medicine, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. 3. Core Laboratory for Clinical Medical Research, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. 4. Department of Physiology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. 5. Center for Cognitive Neurology, Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. 6. China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China. 7. Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disorders of the Ministry of Education, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. 8. Center of Parkinson's Disease, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China. 9. Beijing Key Laboratory on Parkinson's Disease, Beijing, China.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: OD is common in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the relationship between OD and clinical symptoms and the potential mechanisms of OD in AD patients are still unknown. OBJECTIVE: To explore the relationship between OD and clinical symptoms and the potential mechanisms of OD in AD patients. METHODS: We evaluated OD using the Hyposmia Rating Scale (HRS), classified patients into AD with OD (AD-OD) and AD with no OD (AD-NOD) groups, and detected the levels of free radicals and inflammatory factors, including hydroxyl radical (•OH), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), nitric oxide, interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, and prostaglandin E2 in serum from AD patients. RESULTS: It was shown that the scores of the Mini-Mental State Examination, Animal Fluency Test, Boston Naming Test (BNT), and Auditory Verbal Learning Test-delayed recall were all significantly lower and the score of overall activity of daily living (ADL) and instrumental ADL were significantly higher in AD-OD group than those in AD-NOD group. Compared with AD-NOD group, •OH level in serum was prominently elevated, and H2O2 level was dramatically declined in AD-OD group. In the correlation analysis, HRS score was significantly and positively correlated with the score of BNT, and negatively correlated with •OH level in serum. CONCLUSIONS: AD-OD patients suffered from severe cognitive impairment in the domain of language. Oxidative stress might be correlated with AD-OD featured by the drastically increased •OH level in serum.
BACKGROUND: OD is common in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the relationship between OD and clinical symptoms and the potential mechanisms of OD in AD patients are still unknown. OBJECTIVE: To explore the relationship between OD and clinical symptoms and the potential mechanisms of OD in AD patients. METHODS: We evaluated OD using the Hyposmia Rating Scale (HRS), classified patients into AD with OD (AD-OD) and AD with no OD (AD-NOD) groups, and detected the levels of free radicals and inflammatory factors, including hydroxyl radical (•OH), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), nitric oxide, interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, and prostaglandin E2 in serum from AD patients. RESULTS: It was shown that the scores of the Mini-Mental State Examination, Animal Fluency Test, Boston Naming Test (BNT), and Auditory Verbal Learning Test-delayed recall were all significantly lower and the score of overall activity of daily living (ADL) and instrumental ADL were significantly higher in AD-OD group than those in AD-NOD group. Compared with AD-NOD group, •OH level in serum was prominently elevated, and H2O2 level was dramatically declined in AD-OD group. In the correlation analysis, HRS score was significantly and positively correlated with the score of BNT, and negatively correlated with •OH level in serum. CONCLUSIONS: AD-OD patients suffered from severe cognitive impairment in the domain of language. Oxidative stress might be correlated with AD-OD featured by the drastically increased •OH level in serum.
Authors: Boo-Young Kim; Ju Yeon Park; Eui Jin Kim; Byung Guk Kim; Sung Won Kim; Soo Whan Kim Journal: Int Forum Allergy Rhinol Date: 2019-02-21 Impact factor: 3.858