BACKGROUND: The lifetime risk of developing leukemia in the United States is 1.5%. There are challenges in the estimation of population-based survival using registry data because treatments and prognosis vary greatly by subtype. The objective of the current study was to determine leukemia survival estimates in the United States from 1995 to 2009 according to subtype, sex, geographical area, and race. METHODS: Five-year net survival was estimated using data for 370,994 patients from 43 registries in 37 states and in 6 metropolitan areas, covering approximately 81% of the adult (15-99 years) US population. Leukemia was categorized according to principal subtype (chronic lymphocytic leukemia, acute myeloid leukemia, and acute lymphocytic leukemia), and subcategorized in accordance with the HAEMACARE protocol. We analyzed age-standardized 5-year net survival by calendar period (1995-1999, 2000-2004, and 2005-2009), leukemia subtype, sex, race, and US state. RESULTS: The age-standardized 5-year net survival estimates increased from 45.0% for patients diagnosed during 1995-1999 to 49.0% for those diagnosed during 2000-2004 and 52.0% for those diagnosed during 2005-2009. For patients diagnosed during 2005-2009, 5-year survival was 18.2% (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 17.8%-18.6%) for acute myeloid leukemia, 44.0% (95% CI, 43.2%-44.8%) for acute lymphocytic leukemia, and 77.3% (95% CI, 76.9%-77.7%) for chronic lymphocytic leukemia. For nearly all leukemia subtypes, survival declined in successive age groups above 45 to 54 years. Men were found to have slightly lower survival than women; however, this discrepancy was noted to have fallen in successive calendar periods. Net survival was substantially higher in white than black patients in all calendar periods. There were large differences in survival noted between states and metropolitan areas. CONCLUSIONS: Survival from leukemia in US adults improved during 1995-2009. Some geographical differences in survival may be related to access to care. We found disparities in survival by sex and between black and white patients.
BACKGROUND: The lifetime risk of developing leukemia in the United States is 1.5%. There are challenges in the estimation of population-based survival using registry data because treatments and prognosis vary greatly by subtype. The objective of the current study was to determine leukemia survival estimates in the United States from 1995 to 2009 according to subtype, sex, geographical area, and race. METHODS: Five-year net survival was estimated using data for 370,994 patients from 43 registries in 37 states and in 6 metropolitan areas, covering approximately 81% of the adult (15-99 years) US population. Leukemia was categorized according to principal subtype (chronic lymphocytic leukemia, acute myeloid leukemia, and acute lymphocytic leukemia), and subcategorized in accordance with the HAEMACARE protocol. We analyzed age-standardized 5-year net survival by calendar period (1995-1999, 2000-2004, and 2005-2009), leukemia subtype, sex, race, and US state. RESULTS: The age-standardized 5-year net survival estimates increased from 45.0% for patients diagnosed during 1995-1999 to 49.0% for those diagnosed during 2000-2004 and 52.0% for those diagnosed during 2005-2009. For patients diagnosed during 2005-2009, 5-year survival was 18.2% (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 17.8%-18.6%) for acute myeloid leukemia, 44.0% (95% CI, 43.2%-44.8%) for acute lymphocytic leukemia, and 77.3% (95% CI, 76.9%-77.7%) for chronic lymphocytic leukemia. For nearly all leukemia subtypes, survival declined in successive age groups above 45 to 54 years. Men were found to have slightly lower survival than women; however, this discrepancy was noted to have fallen in successive calendar periods. Net survival was substantially higher in white than black patients in all calendar periods. There were large differences in survival noted between states and metropolitan areas. CONCLUSIONS: Survival from leukemia in US adults improved during 1995-2009. Some geographical differences in survival may be related to access to care. We found disparities in survival by sex and between black and white patients.
Keywords:
Epidemiology; National Program of Cancer Registries; Surveillance; United States; and End Results (SEER); cancer; cancer registries; leukemia; population-based survival
Authors: D G Maloney; A J Grillo-López; C A White; D Bodkin; R J Schilder; J A Neidhart; N Janakiraman; K A Foon; T M Liles; B K Dallaire; K Wey; I Royston; T Davis; R Levy Journal: Blood Date: 1997-09-15 Impact factor: 22.113
Authors: A G Dinmohamed; O Visser; Y van Norden; N M A Blijlevens; J J Cornelissen; G A Huls; P C Huijgens; P Sonneveld; A A van de Loosdrecht; G J Ossenkoppele; B Löwenberg; M Jongen-Lavrencic Journal: Leukemia Date: 2015-07-17 Impact factor: 11.528
Authors: Claudia Allemani; Hannah K Weir; Helena Carreira; Rhea Harewood; Devon Spika; Xiao-Si Wang; Finian Bannon; Jane V Ahn; Christopher J Johnson; Audrey Bonaventure; Rafael Marcos-Gragera; Charles Stiller; Gulnar Azevedo e Silva; Wan-Qing Chen; Olufemi J Ogunbiyi; Bernard Rachet; Matthew J Soeberg; Hui You; Tomohiro Matsuda; Magdalena Bielska-Lasota; Hans Storm; Thomas C Tucker; Michel P Coleman Journal: Lancet Date: 2014-11-26 Impact factor: 79.321
Authors: Jennifer J Turner; Lindsay M Morton; Martha S Linet; Christina A Clarke; Marshall E Kadin; Claire M Vajdic; Alain Monnereau; Marc Maynadié; Brian C-H Chiu; Rafael Marcos-Gragera; Adele Seniori Costantini; James R Cerhan; Dennis D Weisenburger Journal: Blood Date: 2010-08-10 Impact factor: 22.113
Authors: Marc Maynadié; Roberta De Angelis; Rafael Marcos-Gragera; Otto Visser; Claudia Allemani; Carmen Tereanu; Riccardo Capocaccia; Adriano Giacomin; Jean-Michel Lutz; Carmen Martos; Risto Sankila; Tom Børge Johannesen; Arianna Simonetti; Milena Sant Journal: Haematologica Date: 2012-09-14 Impact factor: 9.941
Authors: Kathy S Albain; Joseph M Unger; John J Crowley; Charles A Coltman; Dawn L Hershman Journal: J Natl Cancer Inst Date: 2009-07-07 Impact factor: 13.506
Authors: Joseph M Unger; William E Barlow; Diane P Martin; Scott D Ramsey; Michael Leblanc; Ruth Etzioni; Dawn L Hershman Journal: J Natl Cancer Inst Date: 2014-03-13 Impact factor: 13.506
Authors: M E Abdel-Rahman; J Butler; M R Sydes; M K B Parmar; E Gordon; P Harper; C Williams; A Crook; J Sandercock; A M Swart; B Rachet; M P Coleman Journal: Br J Cancer Date: 2014-06-10 Impact factor: 7.640
Authors: Jie Zhang; Zhi-Wei Ye; Danyelle M Townsend; Chanita Hughes-Halbert; Kenneth D Tew Journal: Adv Cancer Res Date: 2019-04-23 Impact factor: 6.242
Authors: Anita W Rijneveld; Bronno van der Holt; Okke de Weerdt; Bart J Biemond; Arjen A van de Loosdrecht; Lotte E van der Wagen; Mar Bellido; Michel van Gelder; Walter J F M van der Velden; Dominik Selleslag; Daniëlle van Lammeren-Venema; Constantijn J M Halkes; Rob Fijnheer; Violaine Havelange; Geerte L van Sluis; Marie-Cecile Legdeur; Dries Deeren; Alain Gadisseur; Harm A M Sinnige; Dimitri A Breems; Aurélie Jaspers; Ollivier Legrand; Wim E Terpstra; Rinske S Boersma; Dominiek Mazure; Agnes Triffet; Lidwine W Tick; Karolien Beel; Johan A Maertens; H Berna Beverloo; Marleen Bakkus; Christa H E Homburg; Valerie de Haas; Vincent H J van der Velden; Jan J Cornelissen Journal: Blood Adv Date: 2022-02-22
Authors: Peter H Wiernik; Zhuoxin Sun; Larry D Cripe; Jacob M Rowe; Hugo F Fernandez; Selina M Luger; Hillard M Lazarus; Elisabeth M Paietta; Martin S Tallman; Mark R Litzow Journal: Br J Haematol Date: 2021-06-17 Impact factor: 8.615