BACKGROUND: For the accurate diagnosis of immunodeficiencies is crucial to compare patients' immunology laboratory values with age-sex matched controls, yet there is a paucity of normal values for most populations. OBJECTIVES: To define appropriate reference values of extended lymphocyte subpopulations and T-cell receptor excision circle (TRECs) levels in healthy pediatric donors between 1 month and 18 years of age. METHODS: Extended immunophenotyping values were obtained by analysis of multiparameter flow cytometry panels for the following subpopulations: CD4+ and CD8+ Naive, Effector, Effector Memory and Central Memory, T helper subpopulations and their degrees of activation, T Regulatory cells, Recent Thymic Emigrants (RTE), B Lymphocyte subpopulations (Transitional, Naive, Preswitch-Memory, Switch-Memory, Plasmablasts, CD21low, and Exhausted), and subpopulations for Monocytes, NK cells and Dendritic Cells. RESULTS: Median values and the 10th and 90th percentiles were obtained for 32 lymphocyte and monocyte subpopulations, and for TRECs levels in each age group of children. Naive CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell populations tended to decrease with age, with significant difference between the groups, in parallel with the reduction in thymic function assessed by TRECs counts and the recent thymic emigrant population. Relative numbers of Th cell populations tended to increase with age. The percentage of class-switched B cell populations showed a significant increase between the youngest group and the others. CONCLUSION: This study provides essential data for interpreting extended immunophenotyping profiles in the pediatric and young adult populations, which could be of value for the diagnosis of PIDs and immune-mediated diseases, particularly those associated with subtle immunological abnormalities.
BACKGROUND: For the accurate diagnosis of immunodeficiencies is crucial to compare patients' immunology laboratory values with age-sex matched controls, yet there is a paucity of normal values for most populations. OBJECTIVES: To define appropriate reference values of extended lymphocyte subpopulations and T-cell receptor excision circle (TRECs) levels in healthy pediatric donors between 1 month and 18 years of age. METHODS: Extended immunophenotyping values were obtained by analysis of multiparameter flow cytometry panels for the following subpopulations: CD4+ and CD8+ Naive, Effector, Effector Memory and Central Memory, T helper subpopulations and their degrees of activation, T Regulatory cells, Recent Thymic Emigrants (RTE), B Lymphocyte subpopulations (Transitional, Naive, Preswitch-Memory, Switch-Memory, Plasmablasts, CD21low, and Exhausted), and subpopulations for Monocytes, NK cells and Dendritic Cells. RESULTS: Median values and the 10th and 90th percentiles were obtained for 32 lymphocyte and monocyte subpopulations, and for TRECs levels in each age group of children. Naive CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell populations tended to decrease with age, with significant difference between the groups, in parallel with the reduction in thymic function assessed by TRECs counts and the recent thymic emigrant population. Relative numbers of Th cell populations tended to increase with age. The percentage of class-switched B cell populations showed a significant increase between the youngest group and the others. CONCLUSION: This study provides essential data for interpreting extended immunophenotyping profiles in the pediatric and young adult populations, which could be of value for the diagnosis of PIDs and immune-mediated diseases, particularly those associated with subtle immunological abnormalities.
Authors: Adrián Sánchez-Montalvá; Daniel Álvarez-Sierra; Mónica Martínez-Gallo; Janire Perurena-Prieto; Iria Arrese-Muñoz; Juan Carlos Ruiz-Rodríguez; Juan Espinosa-Pereiro; Pau Bosch-Nicolau; Xavier Martínez-Gómez; Andrés Antón; Ferran Martínez-Valle; Mar Riveiro-Barciela; Albert Blanco-Grau; Francisco Rodríguez-Frias; Pol Castellano-Escuder; Elisabet Poyatos-Canton; Jordi Bas-Minguet; Eva Martínez-Cáceres; Alex Sánchez-Pla; Coral Zurera-Egea; Aina Teniente-Serra; Manuel Hernández-González; Ricardo Pujol-Borrell Journal: Front Immunol Date: 2022-06-29 Impact factor: 8.786
Authors: O Toker; M Berger; O Shamriz; A J Simon; A Lev; O Megged; O Ledder; E Picard; L Joseph; V Molho-Pessach; Y Tal; P Millman; M Slae; R Somech Journal: Clin Exp Immunol Date: 2020-04-18 Impact factor: 4.330
Authors: A Arcas-García; M Garcia-Prat; M Magallón-Lorenz; A Martín-Nalda; O Drechsel; S Ossowski; L Alonso; J G Rivière; P Soler-Palacín; R Colobran; J Sayós; M Martínez-Gallo; C Franco-Jarava Journal: Clin Exp Immunol Date: 2020-01-19 Impact factor: 4.330
Authors: Sujal Ghosh; Sevgi Köstel Bal; Emily S J Edwards; Bethany Pillay; Raúl Jiménez Heredia; Funda Erol Cipe; Geetha Rao; Elisabeth Salzer; Samaneh Zoghi; Hassan Abolhassani; Tooba Momen; Emma Gostick; David A Price; Yu Zhang; Andrew J Oler; Claudia Gonzaga-Jauregui; Baran Erman; Ayse Metin; Inci Ilhan; Sule Haskologlu; Candan Islamoglu; Kubra Baskin; Serdar Ceylaner; Ebru Yilmaz; Ekrem Unal; Musa Karakukcu; Dagmar Berghuis; Theresa Cole; Aditya K Gupta; Fabian Hauck; Hubert Kogler; Andy I M Hoepelman; Safa Baris; Elif Karakoc-Aydiner; Ahmet Ozen; Leo Kager; Dirk Holzinger; Michael Paulussen; Renate Krüger; Roland Meisel; Prasad T Oommen; Emma Morris; Benedicte Neven; Austen Worth; Joris van Montfrans; Pieter L A Fraaij; Sharon Choo; Figen Dogu; E Graham Davies; Siobhan Burns; Gregor Dückers; Ruy Perez Becker; Horst von Bernuth; Sylvain Latour; Maura Faraci; Marco Gattorno; Helen C Su; Qiang Pan-Hammarström; Lennart Hammarström; Michael J Lenardo; Cindy S Ma; Tim Niehues; Asghar Aghamohammadi; Nima Rezaei; Aydan Ikinciogullari; Stuart G Tangye; Arjan C Lankester; Kaan Boztug Journal: Blood Date: 2020-12-03 Impact factor: 25.476
Authors: Silvia Sánchez-Ramón; Arancha Bermúdez; Luis Ignacio González-Granado; Carlos Rodríguez-Gallego; Ana Sastre; Pere Soler-Palacín Journal: Front Immunol Date: 2019-03-26 Impact factor: 7.561
Authors: Enrico Attardi; Silvia Di Cesare; Donato Amodio; Carmela Giancotta; Nicola Cotugno; Cristina Cifaldi; Maria Chiriaco; Paolo Palma; Andrea Finocchi; Gigliola Di Matteo; Paolo Rossi; Caterina Cancrini Journal: Front Immunol Date: 2019-11-29 Impact factor: 7.561
Authors: Kristen M Merino; Nadia Slisarenko; Joshua M Taylor; Kathrine P Falkenstein; Margaret H Gilbert; Rudolf P Bohm; James L Blanchard; Amir Ardeshir; Elizabeth S Didier; Woong-Ki Kim; Marcelo J Kuroda Journal: Front Pediatr Date: 2020-07-16 Impact factor: 3.418