Daniel M Weinberger1, Joshua L Warren2, Tine Dalby3, Eugene D Shapiro1,4, Palle Valentiner-Branth5, Hans-Christian Slotved3, Zitta Barrella Harboe3,6. 1. Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut. 2. Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut. 3. Department of Bacteria, Parasites and Fungi, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark. 4. Department of Pediatrics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut. 5. Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Prevention, Statens Serum Institut. 6. Department of Infectious Diseases and Pulmonary Medicine, Nordsjaellands Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Denmark.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) have had a well-documented impact on the incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD). However, declines in IPD due to vaccine-targeted serotypes have been partially offset by increases in IPD due to nonvaccine serotypes (NVTs). The goal of this study was to quantify serotype-specific changes in the incidence of IPD that occurred in different age groups, with or without certain comorbidities, following the introduction of 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) and 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) in the childhood vaccination program in Denmark. METHODS: We used nationwide surveillance data for IPD and a hierarchical Bayesian regression framework to estimate changes in the incidence of IPD associated with the introduction of PCV7 (2007) and PCV13 (2010) while controlling for serotype-specific epidemic cycles and unrelated secular trends. RESULTS: Following the introduction of PCV7 and PCV13 in children, the net impact of serotype replacement varied considerably by age group and comorbidities. Differences in the magnitude of serotype replacement were due to variations in the incidence of NVTs in the different risk groups before the introduction of PCVs. The relative increases in the incidence of IPD caused by specific NVTs did not differ appreciably between risk groups in the postvaccination period. Serotype replacement offset a greater proportion of the benefit of PCVs in strata in which the NVTs comprised a larger proportion of cases prior to the introduction of the vaccines. CONCLUSIONS: These findings could help to predict the impact of next-generation PCVs in specific risk groups.
BACKGROUND:Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) have had a well-documented impact on the incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD). However, declines in IPD due to vaccine-targeted serotypes have been partially offset by increases in IPD due to nonvaccine serotypes (NVTs). The goal of this study was to quantify serotype-specific changes in the incidence of IPD that occurred in different age groups, with or without certain comorbidities, following the introduction of 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) and 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) in the childhood vaccination program in Denmark. METHODS: We used nationwide surveillance data for IPD and a hierarchical Bayesian regression framework to estimate changes in the incidence of IPD associated with the introduction of PCV7 (2007) and PCV13 (2010) while controlling for serotype-specific epidemic cycles and unrelated secular trends. RESULTS: Following the introduction of PCV7 and PCV13 in children, the net impact of serotype replacement varied considerably by age group and comorbidities. Differences in the magnitude of serotype replacement were due to variations in the incidence of NVTs in the different risk groups before the introduction of PCVs. The relative increases in the incidence of IPD caused by specific NVTs did not differ appreciably between risk groups in the postvaccination period. Serotype replacement offset a greater proportion of the benefit of PCVs in strata in which the NVTs comprised a larger proportion of cases prior to the introduction of the vaccines. CONCLUSIONS: These findings could help to predict the impact of next-generation PCVs in specific risk groups.
Authors: Riyadh D Muhammad; Reena Oza-Frank; Elizabeth Zell; Ruth Link-Gelles; K M Venkat Narayan; William Schaffner; Ann Thomas; Catherine Lexau; Nancy M Bennett; Monica M Farley; Lee H Harrison; Arthur Reingold; James Hadler; Bernard Beall; Keith P Klugman; Matthew R Moore Journal: Clin Infect Dis Date: 2012-11-15 Impact factor: 9.079
Authors: Tamara Pilishvili; Catherine Lexau; Monica M Farley; James Hadler; Lee H Harrison; Nancy M Bennett; Arthur Reingold; Ann Thomas; William Schaffner; Allen S Craig; Philip J Smith; Bernard W Beall; Cynthia G Whitney; Matthew R Moore Journal: J Infect Dis Date: 2010-01-01 Impact factor: 5.226
Authors: Zitta B Harboe; Thomas L Benfield; Palle Valentiner-Branth; Thomas Hjuler; Lotte Lambertsen; Margit Kaltoft; Karen Krogfelt; Hans Christian Slotved; Jens Jørgen Christensen; Helle B Konradsen Journal: Clin Infect Dis Date: 2010-02-01 Impact factor: 9.079
Authors: Irene Rivero-Calle; Jose Gómez-Rial; Louis Bont; Bradford D Gessner; Melvin Kohn; Ron Dagan; Daniel C Payne; Laia Bruni; Andrew J Pollard; Adolfo García-Sastre; Denise L Faustman; Albert Osterhaus; Robb Butler; Francisco Giménez Sánchez; Francisco Álvarez; Myrsini Kaforou; Xabier Bello; Federico Martinón-Torres Journal: Hum Vaccin Immunother Date: 2020-08-05 Impact factor: 3.452