Colostrum feeding shapes the hindgut microbiota of dairy calves during the first 12 h of life.

This study evaluated the effect of feeding non-heated and heated colostrum on the mucosa- and digesta-associated microbiota in the colon of dairy calves during the first 12 h of life. Thirty-two neonatal Holstein male calves were fed: no colostrum (NC, n = 8), non-heated colostrum (FC, n = 12) and heated colostrum (HC (60 °C, 60 min), n = 12) immediately after birth. The abundances of mucosa- and digesta-associated total bacteria were higher in the colon of FC fed calves compared to those fed no colostrum (NC) at 12 h of life. Compare to NC calves, a higher proportion of mucosa- and digesta-associated Clostridium cluster XIVa and Bifidobacterium, and a lower abundance of mucosa and digesta-associated E. coli were detected in the colon of FC and HC fed calves, as well as a tentatively lower relative abundance of Escherichia-Shigella genus in colon mucosa of HC fed calves. In addition, HC calves had lower abundances of E. coli and higher abundances of Bifidobacterium in mucosa-associated microbiota than FC fed calves. Our results suggest that feeding non-heated colostrum immediately after birth benefit neonatal calves with increased Bifidobacterium and decreased opportunistic pathogenic E. coli and Escherichia-Shigella genus in the colon, and feeding heated colostrum can fortify such effects.