Arlene M Butz1, Mona Tsoukleris2, Mary Elizabeth Bollinger3, Mandeep Jassal1, Melissa H Bellin4, Joan Kub5, Shawna Mudd6, C Jean Ogborn7, Cassia Lewis-Land1, Richard E Thompson8. 1. a Department of Pediatrics, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore , MD , USA. 2. b The Univeristy of Maryland School of Pharmacy , Baltimore , MD , USA. 3. c Department of Pediatrics, The University of Maryland School of Medicine , Baltimore , MD , USA. 4. d The University of Maryland School of Social Work , Baltimore , MD , USA. 5. e Department of Nursing, The USC Suzanne Dworak-Peck School of Social Work , Los Angeles , CA , USA. 6. f The Johns Hopkins University School of Nursing , Baltimore , MD , USA. 7. g Department of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore , MD , USA. 8. h Biostatistics Department, The Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health , Baltimore , MD , USA.
Abstract
Objective: Urban children with asthma experience high rates of second hand smoke (SHS) exposure. The objective was to examine whether SHS exposure is associated with symptom frequency in children with poorly controlled asthma. Methods: Children were enrolled in a RCT to test the efficacy of an environmental control behavioral intervention versus an attention control group and followed over 12 months. SHS exposure assessed using salivary cotinine measurement. Frequency of child asthma symptoms, healthcare utilization, household smoking and caregiver daily life stress were obtained via caregiver report. Time of enrollment was recorded to assess seasonal factors. Symptom days and nights were the primary outcomes. Multivariable models and odds ratios examined factors that best predicted increased frequency of daytime/nighttime symptoms. Results: Children (n = 222) with a mean age of 6.3 (SD 2.7) years, were primarily male (65%), African American (94%), Medicaid insured (94%), and had poorly controlled asthma (54%). The final multivariable model indicated symptoms in the fall (OR 2.78; 95% CI 1.16, 6.52) and increased caregiver daily life stress (OR 1.13, 95% CI 1.02, 1.25) were significantly associated with increased symptom days when controlling for cotinine level, intervention status, child age and home and car smoking restrictions. Conclusions: There was no impact of SHS exposure on increased symptom frequency. High caregiver daily life stress and symptoms in fall season may place children with asthma at risk for increased day/nighttime symptoms. Close monitoring of symptoms and medication use during the fall season and intervening on caregiver life stress may decrease asthma morbidity in children with poorly controlled asthma.
Objective: Urban children with asthma experience high rates of second hand smoke (SHS) exposure. The objective was to examine whether SHS exposure is associated with symptom frequency in children with poorly controlled asthma. Methods:Children were enrolled in a RCT to test the efficacy of an environmental control behavioral intervention versus an attention control group and followed over 12 months. SHS exposure assessed using salivary cotinine measurement. Frequency of childasthma symptoms, healthcare utilization, household smoking and caregiver daily life stress were obtained via caregiver report. Time of enrollment was recorded to assess seasonal factors. Symptom days and nights were the primary outcomes. Multivariable models and odds ratios examined factors that best predicted increased frequency of daytime/nighttime symptoms. Results:Children (n = 222) with a mean age of 6.3 (SD 2.7) years, were primarily male (65%), African American (94%), Medicaid insured (94%), and had poorly controlled asthma (54%). The final multivariable model indicated symptoms in the fall (OR 2.78; 95% CI 1.16, 6.52) and increased caregiver daily life stress (OR 1.13, 95% CI 1.02, 1.25) were significantly associated with increased symptom days when controlling for cotinine level, intervention status, child age and home and car smoking restrictions. Conclusions: There was no impact of SHS exposure on increased symptom frequency. High caregiver daily life stress and symptoms in fall season may place children with asthma at risk for increased day/nighttime symptoms. Close monitoring of symptoms and medication use during the fall season and intervening on caregiver life stress may decrease asthma morbidity in children with poorly controlled asthma.
Entities:
Keywords:
Pediatric; asthma; second hand smoke exposure; caregiver stress
Authors: N E Klepeis; W C Nelson; W R Ott; J P Robinson; A M Tsang; P Switzer; J V Behar; S C Hern; W H Engelmann Journal: J Expo Anal Environ Epidemiol Date: 2001 May-Jun
Authors: Wayne J Morgan; Ellen F Crain; Rebecca S Gruchalla; George T O'Connor; Meyer Kattan; Richard Evans; James Stout; George Malindzak; Ernestine Smartt; Marshall Plaut; Michelle Walter; Benjamin Vaughn; Herman Mitchell Journal: N Engl J Med Date: 2004-09-09 Impact factor: 91.245
Authors: Harold J Farber; Sarah B Knowles; Nancy L Brown; Lisa Caine; Veronica Luna; Yinge Qian; Phil Lavori; Sandra R Wilson Journal: Chest Date: 2008-03-13 Impact factor: 9.410
Authors: Neal L Benowitz; John T Bernert; Ralph S Caraballo; David B Holiday; Jiantong Wang Journal: Am J Epidemiol Date: 2008-11-19 Impact factor: 4.897
Authors: Rajesh Kumar; Laura Marie Curtis; Sanjay Khiani; James Moy; Madeleine U Shalowitz; Lisa Sharp; Ramon A Durazo-Arvizu; John Jay Shannon; Kevin B Weiss Journal: J Allergy Clin Immunol Date: 2008-10 Impact factor: 10.793
Authors: Daniel Kimes; Elissa Levine; Sidey Timmins; Sheila R Weiss; Mary E Bollinger; Carol Blaisdell Journal: Environ Res Date: 2004-01 Impact factor: 6.498
Authors: E Melinda Mahabee-Gittens; Robert T Ammerman; Jane C Khoury; Meredith E Tabangin; Lili Ding; Ashley L Merianos; Lara Stone; Judith S Gordon Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2020-11-04 Impact factor: 3.390