BACKGROUND: Emergence of highly inflammatory genital dermatophyte infections has been reported from Southeast Asia. In view of this, knowledge of the non-outbreak fungal flora of the genitals is required as a baseline study. OBJECTIVES: We present our 12-year experience in a tertiary clinic with the diagnosis of scrotal fungal infections. METHODS: A retrospective review was performed of patients with a diagnosis of scrotal fungal infections proven by direct microscopy and culture. Clinical, mycological and treatment data were collected. RESULTS: In total, 35 male patients were identified, of which 27 concerned dermatophyte infections and eight were yeasts. Nannizzia gypsea was the most common agent (48.6%), presenting as thick pseudomembraneous lesions limited to the scrotum. Trichophyton rubrum (22.9%) and Epidermophyton floccosum (5.7%) mainly presented erythematous, dry and scaly lesions and involving more sites besides the scrotum. Candida albicans (n = 3), C. glabrata (n = 2), C. guilliermondii (n = 1) and Trichosporon asteroides (n = 1), presented various lesions. Sports, sweating and concurrent tineas are hypothesised as predisposing factors. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalent causative agent of scrotum infections is N. gypsea, but wide species diversity is observed. All infections show mild skin inflammation. It is suggested that this genital fungal flora represents the current situation prior to clonal dermatophyte outbreaks.
BACKGROUND: Emergence of highly inflammatory genital dermatophyte infections has been reported from Southeast Asia. In view of this, knowledge of the non-outbreak fungal flora of the genitals is required as a baseline study. OBJECTIVES: We present our 12-year experience in a tertiary clinic with the diagnosis of scrotal fungal infections. METHODS: A retrospective review was performed of patients with a diagnosis of scrotal fungal infections proven by direct microscopy and culture. Clinical, mycological and treatment data were collected. RESULTS: In total, 35 male patients were identified, of which 27 concerned dermatophyte infections and eight were yeasts. Nannizzia gypsea was the most common agent (48.6%), presenting as thick pseudomembraneous lesions limited to the scrotum. Trichophyton rubrum (22.9%) and Epidermophyton floccosum (5.7%) mainly presented erythematous, dry and scaly lesions and involving more sites besides the scrotum. Candida albicans (n = 3), C. glabrata (n = 2), C. guilliermondii (n = 1) and Trichosporon asteroides (n = 1), presented various lesions. Sports, sweating and concurrent tineas are hypothesised as predisposing factors. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalent causative agent of scrotum infections is N. gypsea, but wide species diversity is observed. All infections show mild skin inflammation. It is suggested that this genital fungal flora represents the current situation prior to clonal dermatophyte outbreaks.