Annet H van Bergen1,2, Sanne Verkooijen1, Annabel Vreeker1, Lucija Abramovic1, Manon H Hillegers1,3, Annet T Spijker4, Erik Hoencamp5,6, Eline J Regeer7, Stefan E Knapen8, Rixt F Riemersma-van der Lek8, Robert Schoevers8, Anja W Stevens9, Peter F J Schulte10, Ronald Vonk11, Rocco Hoekstra12, Nico J van Beveren12, Ralph W Kupka7,13, Iris E C Sommer8, Roel A Ophoff1,14, René S Kahn1,15, Marco P M Boks1. 1. Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, Utrecht, The Netherlands. 2. Department of Psychiatry, Rode Kruis Ziekenhuis, Beverwijk, The Netherlands. 3. Department of Psychiatry, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. 4. Department of Mood Disorders, PsyQ, The Hague and Rotterdam, The Netherlands. 5. Parnassie Group, The Hague, The Netherlands. 6. Insitute of Psychology Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands. 7. Altrecht Institute for Mental Health Care, Utrecht, The Netherlands. 8. Department of Psychiatry, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands. 9. Dimence Center for Bipolar Disorders, Almelo, The Netherlands. 10. Mental Health Service, Noord Holland Noord, Alkmaar, The Netherlands. 11. Reinier van Arkel, 's-Hertogenbosch, The Netherlands. 12. Antes, Delta Center for Mental Health Care, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. 13. Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. 14. Semel Institute For Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, USA. 15. Department of Psychiatry, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, USA.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: In a large and comprehensively assessed sample of patients with bipolar disorder type I (BDI), we investigated the prevalence of psychotic features and their relationship with life course, demographic, clinical, and cognitive characteristics. We hypothesized that groups of psychotic symptoms (Schneiderian, mood incongruent, thought disorder, delusions, and hallucinations) have distinct relations to risk factors. METHODS: In a cross-sectional study of 1342 BDI patients, comprehensive demographical and clinical characteristics were assessed using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID-I) interview. In addition, levels of childhood maltreatment and intelligence quotient (IQ) were assessed. The relationships between these characteristics and psychotic symptoms were analyzed using multiple general linear models. RESULTS: A lifetime history of psychotic symptoms was present in 73.8% of BDI patients and included delusions in 68.9% of patients and hallucinations in 42.6%. Patients with psychotic symptoms showed a significant younger age of disease onset (β = -0.09, t = -3.38, p = 0.001) and a higher number of hospitalizations for manic episodes (F11 338 = 56.53, p < 0.001). Total IQ was comparable between groups. Patients with hallucinations had significant higher levels of childhood maltreatment (β = 0.09, t = 3.04, p = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS: In this large cohort of BDI patients, the vast majority of patients had experienced psychotic symptoms. Psychotic symptoms in BDI were associated with an earlier disease onset and more frequent hospitalizations particularly for manic episodes. The study emphasizes the strength of the relation between childhood maltreatment and hallucinations but did not identify distinct subgroups based on psychotic features and instead reported of a large heterogeneity of psychotic symptoms in BD.
BACKGROUND: In a large and comprehensively assessed sample of patients with bipolar disorder type I (BDI), we investigated the prevalence of psychotic features and their relationship with life course, demographic, clinical, and cognitive characteristics. We hypothesized that groups of psychotic symptoms (Schneiderian, mood incongruent, thought disorder, delusions, and hallucinations) have distinct relations to risk factors. METHODS: In a cross-sectional study of 1342 BDI patients, comprehensive demographical and clinical characteristics were assessed using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID-I) interview. In addition, levels of childhood maltreatment and intelligence quotient (IQ) were assessed. The relationships between these characteristics and psychotic symptoms were analyzed using multiple general linear models. RESULTS: A lifetime history of psychotic symptoms was present in 73.8% of BDI patients and included delusions in 68.9% of patients and hallucinations in 42.6%. Patients with psychotic symptoms showed a significant younger age of disease onset (β = -0.09, t = -3.38, p = 0.001) and a higher number of hospitalizations for manic episodes (F11 338 = 56.53, p < 0.001). Total IQ was comparable between groups. Patients with hallucinations had significant higher levels of childhood maltreatment (β = 0.09, t = 3.04, p = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS: In this large cohort of BDI patients, the vast majority of patients had experienced psychotic symptoms. Psychotic symptoms in BDI were associated with an earlier disease onset and more frequent hospitalizations particularly for manic episodes. The study emphasizes the strength of the relation between childhood maltreatment and hallucinations but did not identify distinct subgroups based on psychotic features and instead reported of a large heterogeneity of psychotic symptoms in BD.
Authors: Amanda M Vanderplow; Andrew L Eagle; Bailey A Kermath; Kathryn J Bjornson; Alfred J Robison; Michael E Cahill Journal: Neuron Date: 2021-03-24 Impact factor: 17.173
Authors: Martijn P van den Heuvel; Lianne H Scholtens; Siemon C de Lange; Rory Pijnenburg; Wiepke Cahn; Neeltje E M van Haren; Iris E Sommer; Marco Bozzali; Kathrin Koch; Marco P Boks; Jonathan Repple; Michela Pievani; Longchuan Li; Todd M Preuss; James K Rilling Journal: Brain Date: 2019-12-01 Impact factor: 13.501
Authors: Afra van der Markt; Ursula M H Klumpers; Annemiek Dols; Marco P Boks; Annabel Vreeker; Aartjan T F Beekman; Ralph W Kupka Journal: Bipolar Disord Date: 2021-11-27 Impact factor: 5.345
Authors: Eline M P Poels; Astrid M Kamperman; Annabel Vreeker; Janneke Gilden; Marco P Boks; René S Kahn; Roel A Ophoff; Veerle Bergink Journal: J Clin Med Date: 2020-06-11 Impact factor: 4.241
Authors: Janos L Kalman; Loes M Olde Loohuis; Annabel Vreeker; Andrew McQuillin; Eli A Stahl; Douglas Ruderfer; Maria Grigoroiu-Serbanescu; Georgia Panagiotaropoulou; Stephan Ripke; Tim B Bigdeli; Frederike Stein; Tina Meller; Susanne Meinert; Helena Pelin; Fabian Streit; Sergi Papiol; Mark J Adams; Rolf Adolfsson; Kristina Adorjan; Ingrid Agartz; Sofie R Aminoff; Heike Anderson-Schmidt; Ole A Andreassen; Raffaella Ardau; Jean-Michel Aubry; Ceylan Balaban; Nicholas Bass; Bernhard T Baune; Frank Bellivier; Antoni Benabarre; Susanne Bengesser; Wade H Berrettini; Marco P Boks; Evelyn J Bromet; Katharina Brosch; Monika Budde; William Byerley; Pablo Cervantes; Catina Chillotti; Sven Cichon; Scott R Clark; Ashley L Comes; Aiden Corvin; William Coryell; Nick Craddock; David W Craig; Paul E Croarkin; Cristiana Cruceanu; Piotr M Czerski; Nina Dalkner; Udo Dannlowski; Franziska Degenhardt; Maria Del Zompo; J Raymond DePaulo; Srdjan Djurovic; Howard J Edenberg; Mariam Al Eissa; Torbjørn Elvsåshagen; Bruno Etain; Ayman H Fanous; Frederike Fellendorf; Alessia Fiorentino; Andreas J Forstner; Mark A Frye; Janice M Fullerton; Katrin Gade; Julie Garnham; Elliot Gershon; Michael Gill; Fernando S Goes; Katherine Gordon-Smith; Paul Grof; Jose Guzman-Parra; Tim Hahn; Roland Hasler; Maria Heilbronner; Urs Heilbronner; Stephane Jamain; Esther Jimenez; Ian Jones; Lisa Jones; Lina Jonsson; Rene S Kahn; John R Kelsoe; James L Kennedy; Tilo Kircher; George Kirov; Sarah Kittel-Schneider; Farah Klöhn-Saghatolislam; James A Knowles; Thorsten M Kranz; Trine Vik Lagerberg; Mikael Landen; William B Lawson; Marion Leboyer; Qingqin S Li; Mario Maj; Dolores Malaspina; Mirko Manchia; Fermin Mayoral; Susan L McElroy; Melvin G McInnis; Andrew M McIntosh; Helena Medeiros; Ingrid Melle; Vihra Milanova; Philip B Mitchell; Palmiero Monteleone; Alessio Maria Monteleone; Markus M Nöthen; Tomas Novak; John I Nurnberger; Niamh O'Brien; Kevin S O'Connell; Claire O'Donovan; Michael C O'Donovan; Nils Opel; Abigail Ortiz; Michael J Owen; Erik Pålsson; Carlos Pato; Michele T Pato; Joanna Pawlak; Julia-Katharina Pfarr; Claudia Pisanu; James B Potash; Mark H Rapaport; Daniela Reich-Erkelenz; Andreas Reif; Eva Reininghaus; Jonathan Repple; Hélène Richard-Lepouriel; Marcella Rietschel; Kai Ringwald; Gloria Roberts; Guy Rouleau; Sabrina Schaupp; William A Scheftner; Simon Schmitt; Peter R Schofield; K Oliver Schubert; Eva C Schulte; Barbara Schweizer; Fanny Senner; Giovanni Severino; Sally Sharp; Claire Slaney; Olav B Smeland; Janet L Sobell; Alessio Squassina; Pavla Stopkova; John Strauss; Alfonso Tortorella; Gustavo Turecki; Joanna Twarowska-Hauser; Marin Veldic; Eduard Vieta; John B Vincent; Wei Xu; Clement C Zai; Peter P Zandi; Arianna Di Florio; Jordan W Smoller; Joanna M Biernacka; Francis J McMahon; Martin Alda; Bertram Müller-Myhsok; Nikolaos Koutsouleris; Peter Falkai; Nelson B Freimer; Till F M Andlauer; Thomas G Schulze; Roel A Ophoff Journal: Br J Psychiatry Date: 2021-12 Impact factor: 10.671