F B Vincent1, R Kandane-Rathnayake1, A Y Hoi1, L Slavin1, J D Godsell1, A R Kitching1,2, J Harris1, C L Nelson3,4, A J Jenkins5, A Chrysostomou6, M L Hibbs7, P G Kerr2, M Rischmueller8, F Mackay7,9, E F Morand1. 1. 1 Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. 2. 2 Department of Nephrology, Monash Health, and Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia. 3. 3 Western Health, Department of Nephrology, St Albans, Victoria, Australia. 4. 4 The Department of Medicine, Western Health, The University of Melbourne, St Albans, Victoria, Australia. 5. 5 National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia. 6. 6 The Renal Unit, The Alfred Hospital, Prahran, Victoria, Australia. 7. 7 Department of Immunology and Pathology, Monash University, Central Clinical School, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. 8. 8 Rheumatology Department, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, and Discipline of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia. 9. 9 Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: We examined the clinical relevance of urinary concentrations of B-cell-activating factor of the tumour necrosis factor family (BAFF) and a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). METHODS: We quantified urinary BAFF (uBAFF) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 85 SLE, 28 primary Sjögren syndrome (pSS), 40 immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) patients and 36 healthy controls (HCs). Urinary APRIL (uAPRIL) and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (uMCP-1) were also quantified. Overall and renal SLE disease activity were assessed using the Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index 2000. RESULTS: uBAFF was detected in 12% (10/85) of SLE patients, but was undetectable in HCs, IgAN and pSS patients. uBAFF was detectable in 28% (5/18) of SLE patients with active nephritis vs 5/67 (7%) of those without ( p = 0.03), and uBAFF was significantly higher in active renal patients ( p = 0.02) and more likely to be detected in patients with persistently active renal disease. In comparison, uAPRIL and uMCP-1 were detected in 32% (25/77) and 46% (22/48) of SLE patients, respectively. While no difference in proportion of samples with detectable uAPRIL was observed between SLE, HCs and IgAN patients, both uAPRIL and uMCP-1 were significantly detectable in higher proportions of patients with active renal disease. CONCLUSIONS: uBAFF was detectable in a small but a significant proportion of SLE patients but not in other groups tested, and was higher in SLE patients with active renal disease.
INTRODUCTION: We examined the clinical relevance of urinary concentrations of B-cell-activating factor of the tumour necrosis factor family (BAFF) and a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). METHODS: We quantified urinary BAFF (uBAFF) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 85 SLE, 28 primary Sjögren syndrome (pSS), 40 immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) patients and 36 healthy controls (HCs). Urinary APRIL (uAPRIL) and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (uMCP-1) were also quantified. Overall and renal SLE disease activity were assessed using the Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index 2000. RESULTS: uBAFF was detected in 12% (10/85) of SLEpatients, but was undetectable in HCs, IgAN and pSS patients. uBAFF was detectable in 28% (5/18) of SLEpatients with active nephritis vs 5/67 (7%) of those without ( p = 0.03), and uBAFF was significantly higher in active renalpatients ( p = 0.02) and more likely to be detected in patients with persistently active renal disease. In comparison, uAPRIL and uMCP-1 were detected in 32% (25/77) and 46% (22/48) of SLEpatients, respectively. While no difference in proportion of samples with detectable uAPRIL was observed between SLE, HCs and IgANpatients, both uAPRIL and uMCP-1 were significantly detectable in higher proportions of patients with active renal disease. CONCLUSIONS: uBAFF was detectable in a small but a significant proportion of SLEpatients but not in other groups tested, and was higher in SLEpatients with active renal disease.
Entities:
Keywords:
A proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL); B-cell–activating factor from the tumour necrosis factor family (BAFF); biomarker; lupus nephritis (LN); monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1); systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
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