A Sotiriadis1, S Petousis2, B Thilaganathan3,4, F Figueras5,6, W P Martins7, A O Odibo8, K Dinas1, J Hyett9,10. 1. Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece. 2. Third Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece. 3. Fetal Medicine Unit, St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, University of London, London, UK. 4. Vascular Biology Research Centre, Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute, St George's University of London, London, UK. 5. BCNatal, Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine, Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, Institut Clínic de Ginecologia, Obstetricia i Neonatologia Fetal i+D Fetal Medicine Research Center, Barcelona, Spain. 6. Center for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Madrid, Spain. 7. SEMEAR Fertilidade, Reproductive Medicine and Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil. 8. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA. 9. RPA Women and Babies, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia. 10. Obstetrics, Gynecology and Neonatology, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The rate of maternal and perinatal complications increases after 39 weeks' gestation in both unselected and complicated pregnancies. The aim of this study was to synthesize quantitatively the available evidence on the effect of elective induction of labor at 39 weeks on the risk of Cesarean section, and on maternal and perinatal outcomes. METHODS: PubMed, US Registry of Clinical Trials, SCOPUS and CENTRAL databases were searched from inception to August 2018. Additionally, the references of retrieved articles were searched. Eligible studies were randomized controlled trials of singleton uncomplicated pregnancies in which participants were randomized between 39 + 0 and 39 + 6 gestational weeks to either induction of labor or expectant management. The risk of bias of individual studies was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool. The overall quality of evidence was assessed according to the GRADE guideline. Primary outcomes included Cesarean section, maternal death and admission to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Secondary outcomes included operative delivery, Grade-3/4 perineal laceration, postpartum hemorrhage, maternal infection, hypertensive disease of pregnancy, maternal thrombotic events, length of maternal hospital stay, neonatal death, need for neonatal respiratory support, cerebral palsy, length of stay in NICU and length of neonatal hospital stay. Pooled risk ratios (RRs) were calculated using random-effects models. RESULTS: The meta-analysis included five studies (7261 cases). Induction of labor was associated with a decreased risk for Cesarean section (moderate quality of evidence; RR 0.86 (95% CI, 0.78-0.94); I2 = 0.1%), maternal hypertension (moderate quality of evidence; RR 0.65 (95% CI, 0.57-0.75); I2 = 0%) and neonatal respiratory support (moderate quality of evidence; RR 0.73 (95% CI, 0.58-0.95); I2 = 0%). Neonates born after induction weighed, on average, 81 g (95% CI, 63-100 g) less than those born after expectant management. No significant effects were found for the other outcomes with the available data. The main limitation of our analysis was that the majority of data were derived from a single large study. A second limitation arose from the open-label design of the studies, which may theoretically have affected the readiness of the attending clinician to resort to Cesarean section. CONCLUSIONS: Elective induction of labor in uncomplicated singleton pregnancy at 39 weeks' gestation is not associated with maternal or perinatal complications and may reduce the need for Cesarean section, risk of hypertensive disease of pregnancy and need for neonatal respiratory support.
OBJECTIVE: The rate of maternal and perinatal complications increases after 39 weeks' gestation in both unselected and complicated pregnancies. The aim of this study was to synthesize quantitatively the available evidence on the effect of elective induction of labor at 39 weeks on the risk of Cesarean section, and on maternal and perinatal outcomes. METHODS: PubMed, US Registry of Clinical Trials, SCOPUS and CENTRAL databases were searched from inception to August 2018. Additionally, the references of retrieved articles were searched. Eligible studies were randomized controlled trials of singleton uncomplicated pregnancies in which participants were randomized between 39 + 0 and 39 + 6 gestational weeks to either induction of labor or expectant management. The risk of bias of individual studies was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool. The overall quality of evidence was assessed according to the GRADE guideline. Primary outcomes included Cesarean section, maternal death and admission to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Secondary outcomes included operative delivery, Grade-3/4 perineal laceration, postpartum hemorrhage, maternal infection, hypertensive disease of pregnancy, maternal thrombotic events, length of maternal hospital stay, neonatal death, need for neonatal respiratory support, cerebral palsy, length of stay in NICU and length of neonatal hospital stay. Pooled risk ratios (RRs) were calculated using random-effects models. RESULTS: The meta-analysis included five studies (7261 cases). Induction of labor was associated with a decreased risk for Cesarean section (moderate quality of evidence; RR 0.86 (95% CI, 0.78-0.94); I2 = 0.1%), maternal hypertension (moderate quality of evidence; RR 0.65 (95% CI, 0.57-0.75); I2 = 0%) and neonatal respiratory support (moderate quality of evidence; RR 0.73 (95% CI, 0.58-0.95); I2 = 0%). Neonates born after induction weighed, on average, 81 g (95% CI, 63-100 g) less than those born after expectant management. No significant effects were found for the other outcomes with the available data. The main limitation of our analysis was that the majority of data were derived from a single large study. A second limitation arose from the open-label design of the studies, which may theoretically have affected the readiness of the attending clinician to resort to Cesarean section. CONCLUSIONS: Elective induction of labor in uncomplicated singleton pregnancy at 39 weeks' gestation is not associated with maternal or perinatal complications and may reduce the need for Cesarean section, risk of hypertensive disease of pregnancy and need for neonatal respiratory support.
Authors: Sven Kehl; Irene Hösli; Ulrich Pecks; Philipp Reif; Ralf L Schild; Markus Schmidt; Dagmar Schmitz; Christiane Schwarz; Daniel Surbek; Michael Abou-Dakn Journal: Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd Date: 2021-08-09 Impact factor: 2.754
Authors: Grażyna Bączek; Ewa Rzońca; Patryk Rzońca; Sylwia Rychlewicz; Margareta Budner; Agnieszka Bień Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2022-08-03 Impact factor: 4.614
Authors: Robert M Silver; Madeline Murguia Rice; William A Grobman; Uma M Reddy; Alan T N Tita; Gail Mallett; Kim Hill; Elizabeth A Thom; Yasser Y El-Sayed; Ronald J Wapner; Dwight J Rouse; George R Saade; John M Thorp; Suneet P Chauhan; Edward K Chien; Brian M Casey; Ronald S Gibbs; Sindhu K Srinivas; Geeta K Swamy; Hyagriv N Simhan; George A Macones Journal: Obstet Gynecol Date: 2020-10 Impact factor: 7.623