Pei-Hsuan Lai1, Pei-Shan Yang2, Wan-Yu Lai2, Cheng-Li Lin3,4, Chung-Y Hsu5, Chang-Ching Wei1,6. 1. Children's Hospital, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan. 2. Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan. 3. Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan. 4. Institute of Biostatistics, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan. 5. Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan. 6. School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Despite controversy, an association between allergy and nocturnal enuresis (NE) has been reported for almost a century. Allergic rhinitis (AR)-associated sleep-disordered breathing frequently results in microarousals during sleep, decreased sleep efficiency, and change in sleep pattern and behavior. NE is a common sleep disorder in children. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the incidence and risk of NE in children with AR. METHODS: A population-based cohort study was conducted among 327,928 children with AR and 327,601 non-AR controls between 2000 and 2012 in Taiwan. By the end of 2012, the incidence of NE in both cohorts, and the AR-to-non-AR cohort hazard ratios (HRs) were measured. RESULTS: The adjusted HR of NE during the study period was 1.7-fold higher in the AR cohort compared to the non-AR cohort. The risk was greater for boys, children younger than 6 years old, those with comorbidities of asthma, atopic dermatitis, and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and those who had more than 5 AR-related medical visits per year. The risk of NE in the AR cohort decreased with follow-up time and was the highest within the first year after AR diagnosis. CONCLUSION: Children with AR had a higher incidence and subsequent risk of NE. The risk of NE was greater for boys, younger children, and those with more frequent health utilization for AR symptoms.
BACKGROUND: Despite controversy, an association between allergy and nocturnal enuresis (NE) has been reported for almost a century. Allergic rhinitis (AR)-associated sleep-disordered breathing frequently results in microarousals during sleep, decreased sleep efficiency, and change in sleep pattern and behavior. NE is a common sleep disorder in children. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the incidence and risk of NE in children with AR. METHODS: A population-based cohort study was conducted among 327,928 children with AR and 327,601 non-AR controls between 2000 and 2012 in Taiwan. By the end of 2012, the incidence of NE in both cohorts, and the AR-to-non-AR cohort hazard ratios (HRs) were measured. RESULTS: The adjusted HR of NE during the study period was 1.7-fold higher in the AR cohort compared to the non-AR cohort. The risk was greater for boys, children younger than 6 years old, those with comorbidities of asthma, atopic dermatitis, and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and those who had more than 5 AR-related medical visits per year. The risk of NE in the AR cohort decreased with follow-up time and was the highest within the first year after AR diagnosis. CONCLUSION:Children with AR had a higher incidence and subsequent risk of NE. The risk of NE was greater for boys, younger children, and those with more frequent health utilization for AR symptoms.
Authors: Gabriele Di Carlo; Francesca Zara; Milena Rocchetti; Angelica Venturini; Antonio José Ortiz-Ruiz; Valeria Luzzi; Paolo Maria Cattaneo; Antonella Polimeni; Iole Vozza Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2020-11-16 Impact factor: 3.390