Literature DB >> 30265185

Protein Kinase R Is Constitutively Expressed in the Human Pancreas.

Alexander Jonsson1, Erik Yngve1, Marie Karlsson1, Sofie Ingvast1, Oskar Skog1, Olle Korsgren1,2.   

Abstract

Viral infection of the insulin-producing cells in the pancreas has been proposed in the etiology of type 1 diabetes. Protein kinase R (PKR) is a cytoplasmic protein activated through phosphorylation in response to cellular stress and particularly viral infection. As PKR expression in pancreatic beta-cells has been interpreted as a viral footprint, this cross-sectional study aimed at characterizing the PKR expression in non-diabetic human pancreases. PKR expression was evaluated in pancreas tissue from 16 non-diabetic organ donors, using immunohistochemistry, qPCR, and western blot. Immunohistochemistry and western blot showed readily detectable PKR expression in the pancreatic parenchyma. The qPCR detected PKR mRNA in both endocrine and exocrine samples, with a slightly higher expression in the islets. In conclusion, PKR is constitutively expressed in both endocrine and exocrine parts of the pancreas and its expression should not be interpreted as a viral footprint in pancreatic beta cells.

Entities:  

Keywords:  PCR; immunohistochemistry; innate immunity; pancreas; type 1 diabetes; viral footprints; viral sensors

Mesh：

Substances：

Year:  2018        PMID： 30265185      PMCID： PMC6354319          DOI： 10.1369/0022155418802838

Source DB:  PubMed          Journal:  J Histochem Cytochem        ISSN： 0022-1554            Impact factor:   2.479


  19 in total

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Journal:  J Virol       Date:  1993-12       Impact factor: 5.103

4.  The prevalence of enteroviral capsid protein vp1 immunostaining in pancreatic islets in human type 1 diabetes.

Authors:  S J Richardson; A Willcox; A J Bone; A K Foulis; N G Morgan
Journal:  Diabetologia       Date:  2009-03-06       Impact factor: 10.122

5.  Expression of Interferon-Stimulated Genes in Insulitic Pancreatic Islets of Patients Recently Diagnosed With Type 1 Diabetes.

Authors:  Marcus Lundberg; Lars Krogvold; Enida Kuric; Knut Dahl-Jørgensen; Oskar Skog
Journal:  Diabetes       Date:  2016-07-15       Impact factor: 9.461

6.  Mechanism of interferon action: identification of essential positions within the novel 15-base-pair KCS element required for transcriptional activation of the RNA-dependent protein kinase pkr gene.

Authors:  K L Kuhen; J W Vessey; C E Samuel
Journal:  J Virol       Date:  1998-12       Impact factor: 5.103

7.  The double-stranded RNA-activated kinase, PKR, can phosphorylate hepatitis D virus small delta antigen at functional serine and threonine residues.

Authors:  Chi-Wu Chen; Yeou-Guang Tsay; Hui-Lin Wu; Chi-Hua Lee; Ding-Shinn Chen; Pei-Jer Chen
Journal:  J Biol Chem       Date:  2002-06-11       Impact factor: 5.157

8.  Exposure to the viral by-product dsRNA or Coxsackievirus B5 triggers pancreatic beta cell apoptosis via a Bim / Mcl-1 imbalance.

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Journal:  PLoS Pathog       Date:  2011-09-22       Impact factor: 6.823

9.  Tropism Analysis of Two Coxsackie B5 Strains Reveals Virus Growth in Human Primary Pancreatic Islets but not in Exocrine Cell Clusters In Vitro.

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Journal:  Open Virol J       Date:  2013-04-05

Review 10.  Garbage in, garbage out: a critical evaluation of strategies used for validation of immunohistochemical biomarkers.

Authors:  Gillian O'Hurley; Evelina Sjöstedt; Arman Rahman; Bo Li; Caroline Kampf; Fredrik Pontén; William M Gallagher; Cecilia Lindskog
Journal:  Mol Oncol       Date:  2014-03-21       Impact factor: 6.603
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  4 in total

1.  Large enteroviral vaccination studies to prevent type 1 diabetes should be well founded and rely on scientific evidence.

Authors:  Oskar Skog; Karin Klingel; Merja Roivainen; Olle Korsgren
Journal:  Diabetologia       Date:  2019-02-27       Impact factor: 10.122

2.  Large enteroviral vaccination studies to prevent type 1 diabetes should be well founded and rely on scientific evidence. Reply to Skog O, Klingel K, Roivainen M et al [letter].

Authors:  Jessica L Dunne; Sarah J Richardson; Mark A Atkinson; Maria E Craig; Knut Dahl-Jørgensen; Malin Flodström-Tullberg; Heikki Hyöty; Richard E Lloyd; Noel G Morgan; Alberto Pugliese
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Review 3.  Persistent coxsackievirus B infection and pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes mellitus.

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Journal:  Nat Rev Endocrinol       Date:  2022-06-01       Impact factor: 47.564

4.  Islet expression of type I interferon response sensors is associated with immune infiltration and viral infection in type 1 diabetes.

Authors:  Paola S Apaolaza; Diana Balcacean; Jose Zapardiel-Gonzalo; Grace Nelson; Nataliya Lenchik; Pouria Akhbari; Ivan Gerling; Sarah J Richardson; Teresa Rodriguez-Calvo
Journal:  Sci Adv       Date:  2021-02-24       Impact factor: 14.136
  4 in total

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