Tamar Wainstock1, Asnat Walfisch2, Ilana Shoham-Vardi1, Idit Segal3, Ruslan Sergienko1, Daniella Landau4, Eyal Sheiner2. 1. From the Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev. 2. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel. 3. Ministry of Health, Jerusalem, Israel. 4. Department of Pediatrics, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Studies have found associations between delivery mode and offspring long-term health. We aimed to study the possible association between delivery mode and the risk for long-term infectious diseases of the offspring during a follow-up period of up of 18 years. METHODS: A population-based cohort analysis was performed comparing different subtypes of infectious morbidity leading to hospitalization among children, based on delivery mode (vaginal vs. elective cesarean). Data on pregnancy course and outcome, delivery mode and later offspring hospitalizations were available from a single tertiary center. All singleton uncomplicated deliveries and pregnancies between the years 1991 and 2014 were included in the analysis. Kaplan-Meier and multivariable Weibull survival models were applied to adjust for differences in follow-up time between the study groups and confounders. RESULTS: During the study period, 138,910 newborns met the inclusion criteria: 13,206 (9.5%) were delivered by elective cesarean delivery, and 125,704 (91.5%) were delivered vaginally. During the follow-up period (median: 10.22 years), 13,054 (9.4%) were hospitalized (at least once) with infectious morbidity: 12.0% and 9.1% among the cesarean and vaginally delivered children, respectively (Relative Risk: 1.36; 95% confidence interval: 1.28-1.43; incidence density rates for first hospitalization were 15.22/1000 person-years and 9.06/1000 person-years among cesarean and vaginally delivered children, respectively; Kaplan-Meier log rank P < 0.001). The association between cesarean delivery and long-term pediatric infectious morbidity remained significant in the multivariable model, controlling for confounding variables (adjusted hazard ratio: 1.18; 95% confidence interval: 1.11-1.25; P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Children delivered by elective cesarean section are at an increased risk for hospitalization with pediatric infectious morbidity when compared with vaginally delivered children.
BACKGROUND: Studies have found associations between delivery mode and offspring long-term health. We aimed to study the possible association between delivery mode and the risk for long-term infectious diseases of the offspring during a follow-up period of up of 18 years. METHODS: A population-based cohort analysis was performed comparing different subtypes of infectious morbidity leading to hospitalization among children, based on delivery mode (vaginal vs. elective cesarean). Data on pregnancy course and outcome, delivery mode and later offspring hospitalizations were available from a single tertiary center. All singleton uncomplicated deliveries and pregnancies between the years 1991 and 2014 were included in the analysis. Kaplan-Meier and multivariable Weibull survival models were applied to adjust for differences in follow-up time between the study groups and confounders. RESULTS: During the study period, 138,910 newborns met the inclusion criteria: 13,206 (9.5%) were delivered by elective cesarean delivery, and 125,704 (91.5%) were delivered vaginally. During the follow-up period (median: 10.22 years), 13,054 (9.4%) were hospitalized (at least once) with infectious morbidity: 12.0% and 9.1% among the cesarean and vaginally delivered children, respectively (Relative Risk: 1.36; 95% confidence interval: 1.28-1.43; incidence density rates for first hospitalization were 15.22/1000 person-years and 9.06/1000 person-years among cesarean and vaginally delivered children, respectively; Kaplan-Meier log rank P < 0.001). The association between cesarean delivery and long-term pediatric infectious morbidity remained significant in the multivariable model, controlling for confounding variables (adjusted hazard ratio: 1.18; 95% confidence interval: 1.11-1.25; P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS:Children delivered by elective cesarean section are at an increased risk for hospitalization with pediatric infectious morbidity when compared with vaginally delivered children.
Authors: Jessica E Miller; Raphael Goldacre; Hannah C Moore; Justin Zeltzer; Marian Knight; Carole Morris; Sian Nowell; Rachael Wood; Kim W Carter; Parveen Fathima; Nicholas de Klerk; Tobias Strunk; Jiong Li; Natasha Nassar; Lars H Pedersen; David P Burgner Journal: PLoS Med Date: 2020-11-19 Impact factor: 11.069
Authors: Giridhara R Babu; Noel T Mueller; Melissa Glenda Lewis; Anjaly Krishnan; Eunice Lobo; R Deepa; Sonalini Khetrapal; Sara E Benjamin-Neelon Journal: Pediatr Res Date: 2021-03-02 Impact factor: 3.756