Elissa C Zakrasek1,2,3, Shara M Yurkiewicz4, Ben Dirlikov5, B Tim Pence5, James D Crew5. 1. Palo Alto Veterans Affairs Hospital, Palo Alto, CA, USA. dr.zakrasek@gmail.com. 2. Stanford Hospitals and Clinics, Palo Alto, CA, USA. dr.zakrasek@gmail.com. 3. Santa Clara Valley Medical Center, San Jose, CA, USA. dr.zakrasek@gmail.com. 4. Stanford Hospitals and Clinics, Palo Alto, CA, USA. 5. Santa Clara Valley Medical Center, San Jose, CA, USA.
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective chart review. OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) prophylaxis for heterotopic ossification (HO) in the acute phase after spinal cord injury (SCI). SETTING: Acute rehabilitation hospital in California, USA. METHODS: This retrospective chart review (October 2013-March 2017) included individuals with motor complete SCI followed by the SCI service within 60 days of injury. Group demographics and HO diagnosis were compared in those who received and those who did not receive NSAID prophylaxis. A backward stepwise multiple regression was employed to assess the predictive association between injury characteristics and HO prophylaxis on HO diagnosis. RESULTS: A total of 108 AIS A and B cases were included, and 27 received ≥ 15 days of therapy (overall range 6-44 days). Logistic regression analysis revealed those who received ≥ 15 days of NSAID prophylaxis had an odds ratio of 0.1 of being diagnosed with HO compared with those who did not (95% CI, 0.02 to 0.52). Significant predictors of HO diagnosis were tracheostomy (OR 2.8, 95% CI, 1.05 to 7.5), urinary tract infection (OR 4.3, 95% CI, 1.5 to 12.2), and pressure injury (OR 3.3, 95% CI, 1.1 to 9.5). Adverse effects of NSAID use were minimal. CONCLUSIONS: NSAID prophylaxis appears to help prevent HO development during the acute phase after SCI. Prospective study with prolonged follow up is necessary to confirm the long-term efficacy of HO prevention and to further evaluate safety following spinal fusion. SPONSORSHIP: None.
STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective chart review. OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) prophylaxis for heterotopic ossification (HO) in the acute phase after spinal cord injury (SCI). SETTING: Acute rehabilitation hospital in California, USA. METHODS: This retrospective chart review (October 2013-March 2017) included individuals with motor complete SCI followed by the SCI service within 60 days of injury. Group demographics and HO diagnosis were compared in those who received and those who did not receive NSAID prophylaxis. A backward stepwise multiple regression was employed to assess the predictive association between injury characteristics and HO prophylaxis on HO diagnosis. RESULTS: A total of 108 AIS A and B cases were included, and 27 received ≥ 15 days of therapy (overall range 6-44 days). Logistic regression analysis revealed those who received ≥ 15 days of NSAID prophylaxis had an odds ratio of 0.1 of being diagnosed with HO compared with those who did not (95% CI, 0.02 to 0.52). Significant predictors of HO diagnosis were tracheostomy (OR 2.8, 95% CI, 1.05 to 7.5), urinary tract infection (OR 4.3, 95% CI, 1.5 to 12.2), and pressure injury (OR 3.3, 95% CI, 1.1 to 9.5). Adverse effects of NSAID use were minimal. CONCLUSIONS: NSAID prophylaxis appears to help prevent HO development during the acute phase after SCI. Prospective study with prolonged follow up is necessary to confirm the long-term efficacy of HO prevention and to further evaluate safety following spinal fusion. SPONSORSHIP: None.
Authors: Syed Muhammad Hannan Ali Rizvi; Joudi Sharaf; Kerry-Ann D Williams; Maha Tariq; Maitri V Acharekar; Sara Elena Guerrero Saldivia; Sumedha Unnikrishnan; Yeny Y Chavarria; Adebisi O Akindele; Ana P Jalkh; Aziza K Eastmond; Chaitra Shetty; Lubna Mohammed Journal: Cureus Date: 2022-08-04