Kelsey G Guenther1, Cassidy E Wideman1, Erin M Rock1, Cheryl L Limebeer1, Linda A Parker2. 1. Department of Psychology and Collaborative Neuroscience Program, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada. 2. Department of Psychology and Collaborative Neuroscience Program, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada. parkerl@uoguelph.ca.
Abstract
RATIONALE: To determine the conditions under which tastes paired with delayed access to experimenter-delivered cocaine and morphine elicit a conditionally aversive affective state. OBJECTIVES AND METHODS: The potential of saccharin paired with immediate access to cocaine (5, 10, 20 mg/kg, sc and ip) and delayed (30 and 10 min) access to cocaine (20 mg/kg, sc and ip) and morphine (10 mg/kg, sc) to elicit a pattern of aversive responding in the taste reactivity test (Grill and Norgren 1978a) was evaluated. Cocaine-induced aversions were compared with those produced by a moderate dose of LiCl (50 mg/kg). Finally, as an independent measure of cocaine withdrawal, the potential of exposure to saccharin paired with delayed access to cocaine to produce anxiogenic-like responding in the Light-Dark Emersion test was evaluated. RESULTS: Immediate access to cocaine did not produce conditioned aversion at any dose. Delayed (30 or 10 min) access to sc cocaine (20 mg/kg) produced robust conditioned aversion and delayed access to ip cocaine (20 mg/kg; 30 min) and to sc morphine (10 mg/kg; 10 min) produced weaker conditioned aversion. Yawning emerged as a potential withdrawal response in rats conditioned with delayed (30 min) access to 20 mg/kg, sc, cocaine. Contextual cues did not produce conditioned aversion when paired with delayed access to sc cocaine (20 mg/kg). Finally, exposure to saccharin paired with delayed access to cocaine produced anxiogenic-like responding in the Light-Dark Emersion test. CONCLUSION: Our results support the contention that a conditioned aversive state develops when a taste cue comes to predict the delayed availability of drugs of abuse.
RATIONALE: To determine the conditions under which tastes paired with delayed access to experimenter-delivered cocaine and morphine elicit a conditionally aversive affective state. OBJECTIVES AND METHODS: The potential of saccharin paired with immediate access to cocaine (5, 10, 20 mg/kg, sc and ip) and delayed (30 and 10 min) access to cocaine (20 mg/kg, sc and ip) and morphine (10 mg/kg, sc) to elicit a pattern of aversive responding in the taste reactivity test (Grill and Norgren 1978a) was evaluated. Cocaine-induced aversions were compared with those produced by a moderate dose of LiCl (50 mg/kg). Finally, as an independent measure of cocaine withdrawal, the potential of exposure to saccharin paired with delayed access to cocaine to produce anxiogenic-like responding in the Light-Dark Emersion test was evaluated. RESULTS: Immediate access to cocaine did not produce conditioned aversion at any dose. Delayed (30 or 10 min) access to sc cocaine (20 mg/kg) produced robust conditioned aversion and delayed access to ip cocaine (20 mg/kg; 30 min) and to sc morphine (10 mg/kg; 10 min) produced weaker conditioned aversion. Yawning emerged as a potential withdrawal response in rats conditioned with delayed (30 min) access to 20 mg/kg, sc, cocaine. Contextual cues did not produce conditioned aversion when paired with delayed access to sc cocaine (20 mg/kg). Finally, exposure to saccharin paired with delayed access to cocaine produced anxiogenic-like responding in the Light-Dark Emersion test. CONCLUSION: Our results support the contention that a conditioned aversive state develops when a taste cue comes to predict the delayed availability of drugs of abuse.
Authors: Gregory T Collins; Jeffrey M Witkin; Amy H Newman; Kjell A Svensson; Peter Grundt; Jianjing Cao; James H Woods Journal: J Pharmacol Exp Ther Date: 2005-04-15 Impact factor: 4.030
Authors: Cheryl L Limebeer; Jon P Krohn; Shelley Cross-Mellor; Devin E Litt; Klaus-Peter Ossenkopp; Linda A Parker Journal: Behav Brain Res Date: 2007-08-25 Impact factor: 3.332
Authors: Garret D Stuber; Mitchell F Roitman; Paul E M Phillips; Regina M Carelli; R Mark Wightman Journal: Neuropsychopharmacology Date: 2005-05 Impact factor: 7.853