Identifying design guidelines to meet the circular economy principles: A case study on electric and electronic equipment.

This study presents a methodology that allows the analysis of how an existing product design meets the design guidelines required from the circular economy perspective, and which are the design guidelines that would need to be incorporated into its design to become a better circular design product. For that, as a starting point, the design guidelines required for the circular product design have been identified from an extensive literature review. Then, criteria have been defined to measure the margin of improvement of a product design based on the level of compliance of each circular design guideline, and the relevance of each circular design guideline for the specific product category to which it belongs. Finally, the methodology has been applied to a representative sample of 127 appliances belonging to different categories of small household electrical and electronic equipment. The circular design guidelines related to extending life span and to product/components reuse have been identified as those that more urgently need to be incorporated, while the urgency of those related to connectors or product structure is moderate.