Lourdes Vicent1, Helena Martínez-Sellés2, Albert Ariza-Solé3, Alejandro Lucia4, Enzo Emanuele5, Antoni Bayés-Genís6, Francisco Fernández-Avilés7, Manuel Martínez-Sellés8. 1. Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, CIBERCV, Madrid, Spain. 2. Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain. 3. Servei de Cardiologia, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain. 4. Universidad Europea and Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre ('i+12)', Madrid, Spain. 5. 2E Science, Robbio, Pavia, Italy. 6. Institut del Cor, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, UAB, Barcelona, Spain. 7. Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, CIBERCV, Madrid, Spain; Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain. 8. Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, CIBERCV, Madrid, Spain; Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain; Universidad Europea, Madrid. Electronic address: mmselles@secardiologia.es.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Frailty confers a poor prognosis as it portends an increased risk of disability, dependence, and mortality. Although frailty is generally associated with aging, a marked interindividual variability exists. We compared a range of serum biomarkers of inflammation, fibrosis, and catabolism in three distinct cohorts, consisting of young patients with myocardial infarction, age-matched healthy volunteers, and disease-free centenarians. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective observational registry study. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Serum levels of five biomarkers were measured in the three study groups. RESULTS: Disease-free centenarians had significantly lower (all p < 0.01) serum biomarker levels than young patients with myocardial infarction (growth differentiation factor 15: 877 ± 299 vs. 1062 ± 358 pg/mL; matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1: 1.7 ± 0.9 vs. 3.2 ± 1.2 ng/mL; MMP-2 174 ± 38 vs. 214 ± 44 ng/mL; MMP-9 325 ± 73 vs. 407 ± 54 ng/mL; and carboxy-terminal telopeptide of collagen type I: 3.3 ± 1 vs. 4.2 ± 1.3 ng/mL). No significant differences in biomarker concentrations between healthy controls and centenarians were identified. CONCLUSIONS: Disease-free centenarians had significantly lower levels of inflammation, fibrosis, and catabolism biomarkers than young patients with myocardial infarction. Advanced aging per se is not invariably associated with these biomarkers.
OBJECTIVES: Frailty confers a poor prognosis as it portends an increased risk of disability, dependence, and mortality. Although frailty is generally associated with aging, a marked interindividual variability exists. We compared a range of serum biomarkers of inflammation, fibrosis, and catabolism in three distinct cohorts, consisting of young patients with myocardial infarction, age-matched healthy volunteers, and disease-free centenarians. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective observational registry study. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Serum levels of five biomarkers were measured in the three study groups. RESULTS: Disease-free centenarians had significantly lower (all p < 0.01) serum biomarker levels than young patients with myocardial infarction (growth differentiation factor 15: 877 ± 299 vs. 1062 ± 358 pg/mL; matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1: 1.7 ± 0.9 vs. 3.2 ± 1.2 ng/mL; MMP-2 174 ± 38 vs. 214 ± 44 ng/mL; MMP-9 325 ± 73 vs. 407 ± 54 ng/mL; and carboxy-terminal telopeptide of collagen type I: 3.3 ± 1 vs. 4.2 ± 1.3 ng/mL). No significant differences in biomarker concentrations between healthy controls and centenarians were identified. CONCLUSIONS: Disease-free centenarians had significantly lower levels of inflammation, fibrosis, and catabolism biomarkers than young patients with myocardial infarction. Advanced aging per se is not invariably associated with these biomarkers.