Sang Hun Lee1, Keun-Sik Hong2, Ji Sung Lee3, Yong-Jae Kim4, Tae-Jin Song4, Young Dae Kim5, Man-Seok Park6, Eung-Gyu Kim7, Jae-Kwan Cha8, Sang Min Sung9, Byung-Woo Yoon10, Oh Young Bang11, Woo-Keun Seo11, Yang-Ha Hwang12, Seong Hwan Ahn13, Dong-Wha Kang14, Hyun Goo Kang13, Kyung-Ho Yu15, Sun U Kwon16. 1. Department of Neurology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan, South Korea. 2. Department of Neurology, Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University, Goyang, South Korea. 3. Clinical Research Center, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea. 4. Department of Neurology, Ewha Women's University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. 5. Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. 6. Department of Neurology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea. 7. Department of Neurology, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University, Busan, South Korea. 8. Department of Neurology, Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, South Korea. 9. Department of Neurology, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, South Korea. 10. Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea. 11. Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. 12. Department of Neurology and Cerebrovascular Center, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine and Hospital, Daegu, South Korea. 13. Department of Neurology, Chosun University School of Medicine, Gwangju, South Korea. 14. Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. 15. Department of Neurology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, South Korea. 16. Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. Electronic address: sukwon@amc.seoul.kr.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the predictors of hemorrhagic transformation (HT) in patients with mild atrial fibrillation-related stroke who were treated with early anticoagulation. We conducted a post-hoc subgroup analysis from Acute Cerebral Infarction Patients with Non-valvular Atrial Fibrillation (Triple AXEL) study. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The Triple AXEL study was a randomized, multicenter, open-label, blinded end-point evaluation, comparative phase 2 trial. To identify the relationship between the type of HT and risk factors. We analyzed various factors using data from the Triple AXEL study, such as sex, history of hypertension, diabetes, microbleeds, concomitant antiplatelet use, initial infarction volume, initial infarction location, and new intracranial hemorrhage on follow-up gradient recalled echo or susceptibility-weighted imaging. RESULTS: We analyzed various factors by dividing patients into a new HT group and a no HT group. No correlation was found between HT and risk factors that were significantly associated with HT, including age, sex, history of hypertension, diabetes, microbleeds, concomitant antiplatelet use, and initial infarction volume. When the initial infarction was classified into anterior circulation infarction (ACI) and posterior circulation infarction (PCI), the occurrence of new HT was significantly more associated with PCI than with ACI (57.6% vs 24.0%, P = 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed using HT as a response variable. Only the location of initial infarction according to the vascular territory contributed to the increased risk of HT (OR2.3, 95%CI1.33-3.91, P = 0.003). CONCLUSION: PCI is a very important independent risk factor for HT in patients with mild AF-related stroke treated with early anticoagulation.
RCT Entities:
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the predictors of hemorrhagic transformation (HT) in patients with mild atrial fibrillation-related stroke who were treated with early anticoagulation. We conducted a post-hoc subgroup analysis from Acute Cerebral InfarctionPatients with Non-valvular Atrial Fibrillation (Triple AXEL) study. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The Triple AXEL study was a randomized, multicenter, open-label, blinded end-point evaluation, comparative phase 2 trial. To identify the relationship between the type of HT and risk factors. We analyzed various factors using data from the Triple AXEL study, such as sex, history of hypertension, diabetes, microbleeds, concomitant antiplatelet use, initial infarction volume, initial infarction location, and new intracranial hemorrhage on follow-up gradient recalled echo or susceptibility-weighted imaging. RESULTS: We analyzed various factors by dividing patients into a new HT group and a no HT group. No correlation was found between HT and risk factors that were significantly associated with HT, including age, sex, history of hypertension, diabetes, microbleeds, concomitant antiplatelet use, and initial infarction volume. When the initial infarction was classified into anterior circulation infarction (ACI) and posterior circulation infarction (PCI), the occurrence of new HT was significantly more associated with PCI than with ACI (57.6% vs 24.0%, P = 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed using HT as a response variable. Only the location of initial infarction according to the vascular territory contributed to the increased risk of HT (OR2.3, 95%CI1.33-3.91, P = 0.003). CONCLUSION: PCI is a very important independent risk factor for HT in patients with mild AF-related stroke treated with early anticoagulation.
Authors: Qiong Wang; Jenna M Reps; Kristin Feeney Kostka; Patrick B Ryan; Yuhui Zou; Erica A Voss; Peter R Rijnbeek; RuiJun Chen; Gowtham A Rao; Henry Morgan Stewart; Andrew E Williams; Ross D Williams; Mui Van Zandt; Thomas Falconer; Margarita Fernandez-Chas; Rohit Vashisht; Stephen R Pfohl; Nigam H Shah; Suranga N Kasthurirathne; Seng Chan You; Qing Jiang; Christian Reich; Yi Zhou Journal: PLoS One Date: 2020-01-07 Impact factor: 3.240