Ibon Tamayo-Uria1, Elena Boldo2, Javier García-Pérez2, Diana Gómez-Barroso3, Elena Pardo Romaguera4, Marta Cirach5, Rebeca Ramis6. 1. Department of Statistics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, 02138, MA, USA. 2. Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, National Epidemiology Centre, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain; Centre for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Spain. 3. Centre for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Spain. 4. Spanish Registry of Childhood Tumours (RETI-SEHOP), University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain. 5. ISGlobal, Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain. 6. Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, National Epidemiology Centre, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain; Centre for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Spain. Electronic address: rramis@isciii.es.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Current evidence suggests that childhood leukaemia can be associated with residential traffic exposure; nevertheless, more results are needed to support this conclusion. OBJECTIVES: To ascertain the possible effects of residential proximity to road traffic on childhood leukaemia, taking into account traffic density, road proximity and the type of leukaemia (acute lymphoid leukaemia or acute myeloid leukaemia). METHODS: We conducted a population-based case-control study of childhood leukaemia in Spain, covering the period 1990-2011. It included 1061 incidence cases gathered from the Spanish National Childhood Cancer Registry and those Autonomous Regions with 100% coverage, and 6447 controls, individually matched by year of birth, sex and autonomous region of residence. Distances were computed from the respective participant's residential locations to the different types of roads and four different buffers. Using logistic regression, odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs), were calculated for four different categories of distance to roads. RESULTS: Cases of childhood leukaemia had more than three-fold increased odds of living at <50 m of the busiest motorways compared to controls (OR = 2.90; 95%CI = 1.30-6.49). The estimates for acute lymphoid leukaemia (ALL) were slightly higher (OR = 2.95; 95%CI = 1.22-7.14), while estimates for cases with the same address at birth and at diagnosis were lower (OR = 2.40; 95%CI = 0.70-8.30). CONCLUSIONS: Our study agrees with the literature and furnishes some evidence that living near a busy motorway could be a risk factor for childhood leukaemia.
BACKGROUND: Current evidence suggests that childhood leukaemia can be associated with residential traffic exposure; nevertheless, more results are needed to support this conclusion. OBJECTIVES: To ascertain the possible effects of residential proximity to road traffic on childhood leukaemia, taking into account traffic density, road proximity and the type of leukaemia (acute lymphoid leukaemia or acute myeloid leukaemia). METHODS: We conducted a population-based case-control study of childhood leukaemia in Spain, covering the period 1990-2011. It included 1061 incidence cases gathered from the Spanish National Childhood Cancer Registry and those Autonomous Regions with 100% coverage, and 6447 controls, individually matched by year of birth, sex and autonomous region of residence. Distances were computed from the respective participant's residential locations to the different types of roads and four different buffers. Using logistic regression, odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs), were calculated for four different categories of distance to roads. RESULTS: Cases of childhood leukaemia had more than three-fold increased odds of living at <50 m of the busiest motorways compared to controls (OR = 2.90; 95%CI = 1.30-6.49). The estimates for acute lymphoid leukaemia (ALL) were slightly higher (OR = 2.95; 95%CI = 1.22-7.14), while estimates for cases with the same address at birth and at diagnosis were lower (OR = 2.40; 95%CI = 0.70-8.30). CONCLUSIONS: Our study agrees with the literature and furnishes some evidence that living near a busy motorway could be a risk factor for childhood leukaemia.
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Authors: Janet Flores-Lujano; David Aldebarán Duarte-Rodríguez; Elva Jiménez-Hernández; Jorge Alfonso Martín-Trejo; Aldo Allende-López; José Gabriel Peñaloza-González; María Luisa Pérez-Saldivar; Aurora Medina-Sanson; José Refugio Torres-Nava; Karina Anastacia Solís-Labastida; Luz Victoria Flores-Villegas; Rosa Martha Espinosa-Elizondo; Raquel Amador-Sánchez; Martha Margarita Velázquez-Aviña; Laura Elizabeth Merino-Pasaye; Nora Nancy Núñez-Villegas; Ana Itamar González-Ávila; María de Los Ángeles Del Campo-Martínez; Martha Alvarado-Ibarra; Vilma Carolina Bekker-Méndez; Rocío Cárdenas-Cardos; Silvia Jiménez-Morales; Roberto Rivera-Luna; Haydee Rosas-Vargas; Norma C López-Santiago; Angélica Rangel-López; Alfredo Hidalgo-Miranda; Elizabeth Vega; Minerva Mata-Rocha; Omar Alejandro Sepúlveda-Robles; José Arellano-Galindo; Juan Carlos Núñez-Enríquez; Juan Manuel Mejía-Aranguré Journal: Front Public Health Date: 2022-09-14