Elise E DeVito1, Hedy Kober2, Kathleen M Carroll3, Marc N Potenza4. 1. Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, 1 Church Street, Suite 701, New Haven, CT 06510, USA. Electronic address: elise.devito@yale.edu. 2. Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, 1 Church Street, Suite 701, New Haven, CT 06510, USA. Electronic address: hedy.kober@yale.edu. 3. Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, 40 Temple Street, New Haven, CT 06511, USA. Electronic address: Kathleen.carroll@yale.edu. 4. Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, 1 Church Street, Suite 701, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Department of Neurobiology and Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine, 1 Church Street, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Connecticut Mental Health Center, 34 Park Street, New Haven, CT 06519, USA. Electronic address: marc.potenza@yale.edu.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Although behavioral treatment for cocaine use disorders is common, the use of cognitive neuroscience methods to investigate these treatments' mechanisms of action remains limited. Cognitive control (e.g., as measured by the Stroop task) has been proposed to be central to cocaine-use disorders, including treatment response. METHODS:Participants were methadone-maintained, cocaine-dependent individuals who were participating in a randomized clinical trial (RCT) of 8 weeks of treatment forcocaine-use disorder and randomized to outpatient treatment as usual (TAU) or computer-based cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT4CBT) plus TAU. Participants completed fMRI Color-Word Stroop task at beginning-of-treatment (N = 19) and post-treatment (N = 10). Analyses assessed correlations between beginning-of-treatment Stroop effect with methadone dose or within-treatment cocaine abstinence, change in Stroop-effect at post- versus beginning-of-treatment, and correlations between 'change in Stroop effect' with methadone dose or within-treatment cocaine abstinence. RESULTS: Higher methadone dose was associated with higher beginning-of-treatment Stroop-related activity in the declive, culmen, and lingual gyrus. Stroop-related activity was reduced at post-treatment relative to beginning-of-treatment in the medial frontal gyrus/cingulate gyrus and thalamus/midbrain/culmen. Greater reduction in Stroop-related activity was associated with better within-treatment abstinence. CONCLUSIONS: Diminished Stroop-related activity following treatment may be consistent with improved efficiency of cognitive-control-related activity. Although preliminary, this study is the first to demonstrate a relationship between better treatment outcomes (lower cocaine use during treatment) and greater reduction in Stroop-related activity at post- versus beginning-of-treatment in cocaine users. These findings extend prior work.
RCT Entities:
BACKGROUND: Although behavioral treatment for cocaine use disorders is common, the use of cognitive neuroscience methods to investigate these treatments' mechanisms of action remains limited. Cognitive control (e.g., as measured by the Stroop task) has been proposed to be central to cocaine-use disorders, including treatment response. METHODS:Participants were methadone-maintained, cocaine-dependent individuals who were participating in a randomized clinical trial (RCT) of 8 weeks of treatment for cocaine-use disorder and randomized to outpatient treatment as usual (TAU) or computer-based cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT4CBT) plus TAU. Participants completed fMRI Color-WordStroop task at beginning-of-treatment (N = 19) and post-treatment (N = 10). Analyses assessed correlations between beginning-of-treatment Stroop effect with methadone dose or within-treatment cocaine abstinence, change in Stroop-effect at post- versus beginning-of-treatment, and correlations between 'change in Stroop effect' with methadone dose or within-treatment cocaine abstinence. RESULTS: Higher methadone dose was associated with higher beginning-of-treatment Stroop-related activity in the declive, culmen, and lingual gyrus. Stroop-related activity was reduced at post-treatment relative to beginning-of-treatment in the medial frontal gyrus/cingulate gyrus and thalamus/midbrain/culmen. Greater reduction in Stroop-related activity was associated with better within-treatment abstinence. CONCLUSIONS: Diminished Stroop-related activity following treatment may be consistent with improved efficiency of cognitive-control-related activity. Although preliminary, this study is the first to demonstrate a relationship between better treatment outcomes (lower cocaine use during treatment) and greater reduction in Stroop-related activity at post- versus beginning-of-treatment in cocaine users. These findings extend prior work.
Authors: Andrew S Huhn; Robert K Brooner; Mary M Sweeney; Sarah W Yip; Hasan Ayaz; Kelly E Dunn Journal: Drug Alcohol Depend Date: 2019-10-20 Impact factor: 4.492
Authors: Bao-Zhu Yang; Iris M Balodis; Hedy Kober; Patrick D Worhunsky; Cheryl M Lacadie; Joel Gelernter; Marc N Potenza Journal: Addict Behav Date: 2020-10-10 Impact factor: 3.913