Background: Adipose tissue glucose uptake is impaired in insulin-resistant states, but ex vivo studies of human adipose tissue have yielded heterogeneous results. This discrepancy may be due to different regulation of blood supply. Objective: The aim of this study was to test the flow dependency of in vivo insulin-mediated glucose uptake in fat tissues, and to contrast it with that of skeletal muscle. Design: We reanalyzed data from 159 individuals in which adipose tissue depots-subcutaneous abdominal and femoral, and intraperitoneal-and femoral skeletal muscle were identified by MRI, and insulin-stimulated glucose uptake ([18F]-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose) and blood flow ([15O]-H2O) were measured simultaneously by positron emission tomography scanning. Results: Individuals in the bottom tertile of whole-body glucose uptake [median (IQR) 36 (17) µmol. kg fat-free mass (kgFFM)-1 . min-1 .nM-1] displayed all features of insulin resistance compared with the rest of the group [median (IQR) 97 (71) µmol . kgFFM-1 .min-1 . nM-1]. Rates of glucose uptake were directly related to the degree of insulin resistance in all fat depots as well as in skeletal muscle. However, blood flow was inversely related to insulin sensitivity in each fat depot (all P ≤ 0.03), whereas femoral muscle blood flow was not significantly different between insulin-resistant and insulin-sensitive subjects, and was not related to insulin sensitivity. Furthermore, in subjects performing one-leg exercise, blood flow increased 5- to 6-fold in femoral muscle but not in the overlying adipose tissue. The presence of diabetes was associated with a modest increase in fat and muscle glucose uptake independent of insulin resistance. Conclusions: Reduced blood supply is an important factor for the impairment of in vivo insulin-mediated glucose uptake in both subcutaneous and visceral fat. In contrast, the insulin resistance of glucose uptake in resting skeletal muscle is predominantly a cellular defect. Diabetes provides a modest compensatory increase in fat and muscle glucose uptake that is independent of insulin resistance.
Background: Adipose tissue glucose uptake is impaired in insulin-resistant states, but ex vivo studies of human adipose tissue have yielded heterogeneous results. This discrepancy may be due to different regulation of blood supply. Objective: The aim of this study was to test the flow dependency of in vivo insulin-mediated glucose uptake in fat tissues, and to contrast it with that of skeletal muscle. Design: We reanalyzed data from 159 individuals in which adipose tissue depots-subcutaneous abdominal and femoral, and intraperitoneal-and femoral skeletal muscle were identified by MRI, and insulin-stimulated glucose uptake ([18F]-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose) and blood flow ([15O]-H2O) were measured simultaneously by positron emission tomography scanning. Results: Individuals in the bottom tertile of whole-body glucose uptake [median (IQR) 36 (17) µmol. kg fat-free mass (kgFFM)-1 . min-1 .nM-1] displayed all features of insulin resistance compared with the rest of the group [median (IQR) 97 (71) µmol . kgFFM-1 .min-1 . nM-1]. Rates of glucose uptake were directly related to the degree of insulin resistance in all fat depots as well as in skeletal muscle. However, blood flow was inversely related to insulin sensitivity in each fat depot (all P ≤ 0.03), whereas femoral muscle blood flow was not significantly different between insulin-resistant and insulin-sensitive subjects, and was not related to insulin sensitivity. Furthermore, in subjects performing one-leg exercise, blood flow increased 5- to 6-fold in femoral muscle but not in the overlying adipose tissue. The presence of diabetes was associated with a modest increase in fat and muscle glucose uptake independent of insulin resistance. Conclusions: Reduced blood supply is an important factor for the impairment of in vivo insulin-mediated glucose uptake in both subcutaneous and visceral fat. In contrast, the insulin resistance of glucose uptake in resting skeletal muscle is predominantly a cellular defect. Diabetes provides a modest compensatory increase in fat and muscle glucose uptake that is independent of insulin resistance.
Authors: Vera J M Nies; Dicky Struik; Sihao Liu; Weilin Liu; Janine K Kruit; Michael Downes; Tim van Zutphen; Henkjan J Verkade; Ronald M Evans; Johan W Jonker Journal: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A Date: 2022-09-26 Impact factor: 12.779
Authors: S Porro; V A Genchi; A Cignarelli; A Natalicchio; L Laviola; F Giorgino; S Perrini Journal: J Endocrinol Invest Date: 2020-11-03 Impact factor: 4.256
Authors: Han-Chow E Koh; Stephan van Vliet; Gretchen A Meyer; Richard Laforest; Robert J Gropler; Samuel Klein; Bettina Mittendorfer Journal: Diabetologia Date: 2021-01-29 Impact factor: 10.122
Authors: Melanie Reijrink; Stefanie A de Boer; Ines F Antunes; Daan S Spoor; Hiddo J L Heerspink; Monique E Lodewijk; Mirjam F Mastik; Ronald Boellaard; Marcel J W Greuter; Stan Benjamens; Ronald J H Borra; Riemer H J A Slart; Jan-Luuk Hillebrands; Douwe J Mulder Journal: Mol Imaging Biol Date: 2020-09-04 Impact factor: 3.488
Authors: Han-Chow E Koh; Stephan van Vliet; Terri A Pietka; Gretchen A Meyer; Babak Razani; Richard Laforest; Robert J Gropler; Bettina Mittendorfer Journal: Diabetes Date: 2021-07-15 Impact factor: 9.337
Authors: Miles F Bartlett; John D Akins; Andrew P Oneglia; R Matthew Brothers; Dustin Wilkes; Michael D Nelson Journal: J Appl Physiol (1985) Date: 2021-07-15
Authors: Jun Lu; Yuying Gu; Leishen Wang; Weiqin Li; Shuang Zhang; Huikun Liu; Junhong Leng; Jin Liu; Shuo Wang; Andrea A Baccarelli; Lifang Hou; Gang Hu Journal: BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care Date: 2020-03