H Mohammed1, L Rimondini, V Rocchetti. 1. Department of Health Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale UPO, Novara (NO), Italy. lia.rimondini@med.uniupo.it.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: This review aims to describe trigeminal neuralgia and the molecular basis contributing to the pathophysiology of this condition by focusing on the state of the art. PATIENTS AND METHODS: An electronic search of PubMed was performed using the following keywords: "trigeminal neuralgia" AND "classification", "pathophysiology," "molecular basis" and "mitochondrial role." RESULTS: Mitochondrial abnormality, whether functional or morphological, can contribute to neurological disorders. Additionally, one recent finding showed that gain-of-function mutation in the voltage-gated sodium channel NaV1.6 contributes to the pathophysiology of trigeminal neuralgia by increasing the excitability of trigeminal nerve ganglion neurons. It also exacerbates the pathophysiology of vascular compression. Healing of the trigeminal nerve is controlled by many molecular signaling pathways, including extracellular-signal-regulated kinase, c-Jun, p38, Notch, and mitogen-activated protein kinases. CONCLUSIONS: More investigations regarding the gain-of-function mutation of NaV1.6 sodium channels are essential for the diagnosis and treatment of trigeminal nerve disorders, regardless of whether these are associated with vascular compression or not.
OBJECTIVE: This review aims to describe trigeminal neuralgia and the molecular basis contributing to the pathophysiology of this condition by focusing on the state of the art. PATIENTS AND METHODS: An electronic search of PubMed was performed using the following keywords: "trigeminal neuralgia" AND "classification", "pathophysiology," "molecular basis" and "mitochondrial role." RESULTS:Mitochondrial abnormality, whether functional or morphological, can contribute to neurological disorders. Additionally, one recent finding showed that gain-of-function mutation in the voltage-gated sodium channel NaV1.6 contributes to the pathophysiology of trigeminal neuralgia by increasing the excitability of trigeminal nerve ganglion neurons. It also exacerbates the pathophysiology of vascular compression. Healing of the trigeminal nerve is controlled by many molecular signaling pathways, including extracellular-signal-regulated kinase, c-Jun, p38, Notch, and mitogen-activated protein kinases. CONCLUSIONS: More investigations regarding the gain-of-function mutation of NaV1.6 sodium channels are essential for the diagnosis and treatment of trigeminal nerve disorders, regardless of whether these are associated with vascular compression or not.
Authors: Paolo Boffano; Alberto Pau; Camilla Dosio; Muhammad Ruslin; Tymour Forouzanfar; Tanía Rodríguez-Santamarta; Juan Carlos de Vicente; Marko Tarle; Emil Dediol; Petia Pechalova; Nikolai Pavlov; Hristo Daskalov; Iva Doykova; Kadri Kelemith; Tiia Tamme; Andrey Kopchak; Romanova Anna Yu; Pierre Corre; Helios Bertin; Maeva Bourry; Pierre Guyonvarc'h; Zoran Jezdić; Vitomir S Konstantinovic; Thomas Starch-Jensen; Matteo Brucoli Journal: Oral Maxillofac Surg Date: 2021-09-09