Literature DB >> 30225313

Data on the pre-MDA and post MDA interventions for Schistosoma mansoni and Schistosoma haematobium in a co-endemic focus in Uganda: 1951-2011.

M Adriko1,2, B Tinkitina1, E M Tukahebwa1, C J Standley3, J R Stothard4, N B Kabatereine2,5.   

Abstract

The dataset for this article contains Urinary and Intestinal Schistosomiasis from Lango region, northern Uganda which is the only known co-endemic region for S.mansoni and S.haematobium. Reported in the data, is the retrospective data review for historical information before interventions were implemented before 2003 and after interventions were implemented in 2003 by the national control program. In 2007 and 2011, parasitological surveys were conducted in the region to validate Schistosomiasis trends following World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines for surveys. In addition, malacological surveys were undertaken in 2007 to assess local transmission potential. The dataset can provide an insight into the health implications of Schistosomiasis control in co-endemic focus in Uganda, "The epidemiology of schistosomiasis in Lango region Uganda 60 years after Schwetz 1951: Can schistosomiasis be eliminated through mass drug administration without other supportive control measures?" (Adriko et al., 2018) [10].

Entities:  

Year:  2018        PMID: 30225313      PMCID: PMC6138995          DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2018.08.200

Source DB:  PubMed          Journal:  Data Brief        ISSN: 2352-3409


Specifications table Value of the data The dataset can be helpful to the concerned authorities and policy makers in designing interventions given the only region with co-endemic focus of the two disease species. The findings can be used by other researchers who wished to establish more insights into why the only region with co-endemic focuses for S.mansoni and S.haematobium in Uganda. The data can be used by the districts to validate health facility based detections.

Data

The data contains retrospective data review from studies [2], [3] and parasitological examination of urine samples for S.haematobium and stool samples for S.mansoni in 2007 and 2011 respectively. The datasets were collected from the Lango region of northern Uganda. Please See Table 1, Table 2, Table 3, Table 4, Table 5.
Table 1

Showing S. mansoni prevalence in Lango region, 2007.

SiteSample size% Prevalence (95% CI)
Abari Primary School180.00 (0.00–18.53)
Abarolam community293.45 (0.09–17.76)
Abilonino Primary School200.00 (0.00–16.84)
Aceno Primary School140.00 (0.00–23.16)
Agogoro Community2317.39 (4.95–38.78)
Aleka Primary School1656.25 (29.88–80.25)
Alenga Primary School130.00 (0.00–24.71)
Alerwang Primary School200.00 (0.00–16.84)
Aloi Community3040.00 (22.66–59.40)
Amuda Community270.00 (0.00–12.77)
Aninolal Primary School140.00 (0.00–23.16)
Apire Primary School150.00 (0.00–21.80)
Atar Primary School180.00 (0.00–18.53)
Atar Community540.00 (0.00–6.60)
Atigolwok Primary School280.00 (0.00–12.34)
Awala Primary School2910.34 (2.19–27.35)
Awila Primary School128.33 (0.21–38.48)
Baradilo Primary School190.00 (0.00–17.65)
Ebule Community273.70 (0.09–18.97)
Loro Primary School195.26 (0.13–26.03)
Odokogweno Community290.00 (0.00–11.94)
Okole Primary School214.76 (0.12–23.83)
Omer Primary School150.00 (0.00–21.80)
Ongica Primary School150.00 (0.00–21.80)
Teboke Primary School200.00 (0.00–16.84)
Wansolo Primary School5569.09 (55.19–80.86)
Wigweng Primary School140.00 (0.00–23.16)
Total62711.32 (8.95–14.07)
Table 2

Showing S.haematobium prevalence, by Hemastix result - 2011.

SiteSample SizeTrace = positive (% Prev.) (95% CI)Trace = negative (% Prev.)(95% CI)
Abako Com610.00 (0.00–5.87)0.00 (0.00–5.87)
Aber P/S630.00 (0.00–5.69)0.00 (0.00–5.69)
Abilonono Com6719.40 (10.76–30.89)5.97 (1.65–14.59)
Abilonyero Com573.51 (0.43–12.11)3.51 (0.43–12.11)
Abwal-A Com5617.86 (8.91–30.40)8.93 (2.96–19.62)
Acandyang Com6220.97 (11.66–33.18)11.29 (4.66–21.89)
Adyanglim P/S610.00 (0.00–5.87)0.00 (0.00–5.87)
Agweng P/S606.67 (1.85–16.20)6.67 (0.00–5.87)
Akia P/S628.06 (2.67–17.83)8.06 (2.67–17.83)
Aleka P/S691.45 (0.04–7.81)0.00 (0.00–5.21)
Alenga P/S6312.70 (5.65–23.50)3.17 (0.39–11.00)
Anget P/S6314.29 (6.75–25.39)0.00 (0.00–5.69)
Apoi P/S631.59 (0.04–8.53)1.59 (0.04–8.53)
Atar P/S647.81 (2.59–17.30)4.69 (0.98–13.09)
Atigolwok P/S6527.69 (17.31–40.19)10.77 (4.44–20.94)
Atoma Com6440.63 (28.51–53.63)14.06 (6.64–25.02)
Awali P/S644.69 (0.98–13.09)4.69 (0.98–13.09)
Ayer P/S6224.19 (14.22–36.74)24.19 (14.22–36.74)
Baraliro Com623.23 (0.39–11.17)3.23 (14.22–36.74)
Barocok P/S593.39 (0.41–11.71)3.39 (0.41–11.71)
Ebule P/S664.55 (0.95–12.71)4.55 (0.95–12.71)
Fatima Aloi P/S663.03 (0.37–10.52)3.03 (0.37–10.52)
Malika P/S610.00 (0.00–5.87)0.00 (0.00–5.87)
Obangangeo P/S583.45 (0.42–11.91)3.45 (0.42–11.91)
Ogogoro P/S600.00 (0.00–5.96)0.00 (0.00–5.96)
Ojul P/S640.00 (0.00–5.60)0.00 (0.00–5.60)
Olarokwon Com610.00 (0.00–5.87)0.00 (0.00–5.60)
Teboke P/S6532.31 (21.23–45.05)9.23 (3.46–19.02)
Wansolo P/S631.59 (0.04–8.53)1.59 (0.04–8.53)
Wigua P/S6319.05 (10.25–30.91)0.00 (0.00–5.96)
Total18749.50 (8.21–10.92)3.74 (2.92–4.70)
Table 3

Direct comparison of S.haematobium prevalence in sites surveyed both in 2007 and 2011, by Hemastix.

2007
2011
SiteSample sizePrevalence(95% CI)Sample sizePrevalence(95% CI)Trace = negative (% Prevalence)
Abilonono**200.00 (0.00–16.84)6719.40 (10.76–30.89)5.97 (1.65–14.59)
Abilonono_2**200.00 (0.00–16.84)
Acandyang_A_com*1160.00 (0.00–3.13)6220.97 (11.66–33.18)11.29 (4.66–21.89)
Acandyang_A2_com*600.00 (0.00–5.96)
Aleka300.00 (0.00–11.57)691.45 (0.04–7.81)0.00 (0.00–5.21)
Alenga300.00 (0.00–11.57)6312.70 (5.65–23.50)3.17 (0.39–11.00)
Atigolwok3112.90 (3.63–29.83)6527.69 (17.31–40.19)10.77 (4.44–20.94)
Atigolwok_com*1201.67 (0.20–5.89)
Awali_com*900.00 (0.00–4.02)644.69 (0.98–13.09)4.69 (0.98–13.09)
Barodilo**2090.00 (68.30–98.77)623.23 (0.39–11.17)3.23 (14.22–36.74)
Ebule_com*1200.00 (0.00–3.03)664.55 (0.95–12.71)4.55 (0.95–12.71)
Ogogoro_com*1180.00 (0.00–3.08)600.00 (0.00–5.96)0.00 (0.00–5.96)
Teboke200.00 (0.00–16.84)6532.31 (21.23–45.05)9.23 (3.46–19.02)
Teboke_2200.00 (0.00–16.84)
Wansola_com*1200.00 (0.00–3.03)631.59 (0.04–8.53)1.59 (0.04–8.53)
TOTAL9552.51 (1.61–3.72)
Table 4

Pre-MDA and Post-MDA Schistosomiasis Control in Lango region.

The data Presented here shows the trends of co-endemic occurrence of Schistosoma mansoni (S.m) and Schistosoma haematobium (S.h) Pre-intervention (Mass Drug Administration, MDA) and Post-MDA.

Data periodYearData SourceCurrent DistrictSurvey DistrictSchool/CommunityLatLongMethods% S.haemMethods% S.man
Post-MDA1992[10]AlebtongLiraAloi school2.5177833.29500Filtration0.0Kato Katz82.0
Post-MDA1992[10]AlebtongLiraAwali school2.4229533.07030Filtration0.0Kato Katz67.0
Post-MDA1992[10]AlebtongLiraNamasale1.5106632.61987Filtration0.0Kato Katz38.0
Post-MDA1992[10]AlebtongLiraOgogoro school2.2197233.26806Filtration0.0Kato Katz63.0
Post-MDA1992[10]AmolatorLiraAputi1.8305232.87519Filtration0.0Kato Katz42.0
Post-MDA2007[10]AlebtongLiraAloi school2.5177833.29500Filtration0.0Kato Katz33.3
Post-MDA2007[10]AlebtongLiraAwali school2.4616733.29972Filtration0.0Kato Katz10.3
Post-MDA2007[10]AlebtongLiraOgogoro school2.2197233.26806Filtration0.0Kato Katz14.8
Post-MDA2007[10]ApacApacAkokoro school1.7800032.56333Filtration0.0Kato Katz0.0
Post-MDA2007[10]ApacApacAlenga school1.1036132.40750Filtration0.0Kato Katz0.0
Post-MDA2007[10]ApacApacAlerwang school2.1683332.55639Filtration0.0Kato Katz0.0
Post-MDA2007[10]ApacApacAninolal school2.2580632.63278Filtration0.0Kato Katz0.0
Post-MDA2007[10]ApacApacApire school2.0186132.91500Filtration0.0Kato Katz0.0
Post-MDA2007[10]ApacApacAtar community2.1352832.66056Filtration0.9Kato Katz0.0
Post-MDA2007[10]ApacApacAtar school2.0405632.58972Filtration7.5Kato Katz0.0
Post-MDA2007[10]ApacApacAtigolwo school2.3436132.65333Filtration10.3Kato Katz0.0
Post-MDA2007[10]ApacApacAtogolwo com2.3438932.70361Filtration1.7Kato Katz0.0
Post-MDA2007[10]ApacApacAwila school1.0358332.48111Filtration0.0Kato Katz0.0
Post-MDA2007[10]ApacApacBarodilo school2.2122232.73222Filtration0.0Kato Katz0.0
Post-MDA2007[10]ApacApacChegere school2.2366732.62917Filtration0.0Kato Katz0.0
Post-MDA2007[10]ApacApacIkwera school2.1294432.94028Filtration0.0Kato Katz0.0
Post-MDA2007[10]ApacApacKwibale school1.6972232.33389Filtration0.0Kato Katz0.0
Post-MDA2007[10]ApacApacOkutoagwe school2.2633332.63278Filtration0.0Kato Katz0.0
Post-MDA2007[10]ApacApacOmer school2.0477832.79028Filtration0.0Kato Katz0.0
Post-MDA2007[10]ApacApacOngica school2.3408332.86000Filtration0.0Kato Katz0.0
Post-MDA2007[10]ApacApacTeboke school2.4577832.67389Filtration0.0Kato Katz0.0
Post-MDA2007[10]ApacApacWansolo com1.7552832.72556Filtration0.0Kato Katz58.6
Post-MDA2007[10]DokoloLiraAmuda school1.2386133.02083Filtration0.0Kato Katz0.0
Post-MDA2007[10]KoleApacAbari school2.3058332.70583Filtration0.0Kato Katz0.0
Post-MDA2007[10]KoleApacAbelonino school2.3950032.85667Filtration0.0Kato Katz0.0
Post-MDA2007[10]KoleApacDamatira school2.3241732.80528Filtration0.0Kato Katz0.0
Post-MDA2007[10]KoleApacOkole school2.4322232.66056Filtration0.0Kato Katz4.8
Post-MDA2007[10]LiraLiraAbarolam school1.0202833.16917Filtration0.0Kato Katz3.4
Post-MDA2007[10]LiraLiraEbule school2.1533333.55306Filtration0.0Kato Katz3.7
Post-MDA2007[10]LiraLiraOdekogweno1.0397233.27778Filtration0.0Kato Katz0.0
Post-MDA2007[10]OyamOyamAcaba school2.6069432.61444Filtration0.0Kato Katz0.0
Post-MDA2007[10]OyamOyamAceno school2.4694432.65583Filtration0.0Kato Katz0.0
Post-MDA2007[10]OyamOyamAder school2.5494432.91528Filtration0.0Kato Katz0.0
Post-MDA2007[10]OyamOyamAleka school2.7280632.85417Filtration0.0Kato Katz46.7
Post-MDA2007[10]OyamOyamAnget school2.7550032.81278Filtration3.3Kato Katz23.1
Post-MDA2007[10]OyamOyamLoro school2.2386132.53611Filtration0.0Kato Katz5.0
Post-MDA2007[10]OyamOyamObot school2.4697232.60389Filtration0.0Kato Katz0.0
Post-MDA2007[10]OyamOyamOnegwok2.6444432.69667Filtration0.0Kato Katz0.0
Post-MDA2007[10]OyamOyamWigweng school2.4566732.70583Filtration0.0Kato Katz0.0
Post-MDA2008[10]AlebtongLiraAbako Com2.1460233.22521Filtration0.0Kato Katz20.3
Post-MDA2008[10]AlebtongLiraOgogoro P/S2.1887433.20177Filtration0.0Kato Katz13.4
Post-MDA2008[10]AlebtongLiraOjul P/S2.1226433.20377Filtration0.0Kato Katz1.7
Post-MDA2008[10]AmolatarAmolatarMuntu P/S1.5819732.89720Filtration0.0Kato Katz2.9
Post-MDA2008[10]AmolatarAmolatarNamasale P/S1.5106632.61987Filtration0.0Kato Katz1.6
Post-MDA2008[10]AmolatarAmolatarOpir P/S1.5520332.82683Filtration0.0Kato Katz2.5
Post-MDA2008[10]OyamOyamAtur Com2.1352532.33604Filtration0.0Kato Katz9.6
Post-MDA2008[10]OyamOyamNora P/S2.2929832.26281Filtration0.0Kato Katz0.4
Post-MDA2009[10]AlebtongLiraOgogoro p/s2.1887433.20177Filtration0.0Kato Katz5.8
Post-MDA2009[10]AlebtongLiraOjul p/s2.1226433.20377Filtration0.0Kato Katz2.0
Post-MDA2009[10]AmolatorAmolatorMuntu p/s1.5819732.89720Filtration0.0Kato Katz2.1
Post-MDA2009[10]AmolatorAmolatorOpir p/s1.5520332.82683Filtration0.0Kato Katz3.8
Post-MDA2011[10]AlebtongAlebtongAbako Com2.1460233.22521Filtration0.0Kato Katz18.0
Post-MDA2011[10]AlebtongAlebtongAdyanglim2.1013033.21291Filtration0.0Kato Katz9.8
Post-MDA2011[10]AlebtongAlebtongAwali2.4229533.07030Filtration0.0Kato Katz17.2
Post-MDA2011[10]AlebtongAlebtongEbule2.1533933.36017Filtration0.0Kato Katz3.0
Post-MDA2011[10]AlebtongAlebtongFatima Aloi Demo2.2691233.14071Filtration0.0Kato Katz29.7
Post-MDA2011[10]AlebtongAlebtongObangangeo2.1857233.36504Filtration0.0Kato Katz0.0
Post-MDA2011[10]AlebtongAlebtongOgogoro2.1887433.20177Filtration0.0Kato Katz11.7
Post-MDA2011[10]AlebtongAlebtongOjul2.1226433.20377Filtration0.0Kato Katz6.3
Post-MDA2011[10]ApacApacAbwal A com2.0830132.55774Filtration0.0Kato Katz0.0
Post-MDA2011[10]ApacApacAcandyang com2.0090332.60387Filtration11.3Kato Katz1.6
Post-MDA2011[10]ApacApacAlenga1.8496432.35359Filtration0.0Kato Katz1.6
Post-MDA2011[10]ApacApacApoi1.7300132.46858Filtration0.0Kato Katz1.6
Post-MDA2011[10]ApacApacAtar2.0403232.59378Filtration1.6Kato Katz0.0
Post-MDA2011ApacApacAtigolwok2.0834932.55926Filtration0.0Kato Katz0.0
Post-MDA2011[10]ApacApacAtoma Com1.8100532.75776Filtration0.0Kato Katz23.0
Post-MDA2011[10]ApacApacTeboke2.1997632.58875Filtration0.0Kato Katz0.0
Post-MDA2011[10]ApacApacWansolo1.6772532.50212Filtration0.0Kato Katz49.2
Post-MDA2011[10]KoleKoleAbilonono Com2.2269132.64050Filtration0.0Kato Katz1.5
Post-MDA2011[10]KoleKoleAyer2.2912832.71657Filtration0.0Kato Katz1.6
Post-MDA2011[10]KoleKoleWigua2.3608532.67409Filtration0.0Kato Katz1.6
Post-MDA2011[10]LiraLiraAgweng2.4959232.93468Filtration0.0Kato Katz42.9
Post-MDA2011[10]LiraLiraAkia2.2518332.94784Filtration0.0Kato Katz3.9
Post-MDA2011[10]OtukeOtukeAbilonyero com2.4051533.23411Filtration0.0Kato Katz0.0
Post-MDA2011[10]OtukeOtukeBaraliro com2.4707433.17848Filtration0.0Kato Katz3.2
Post-MDA2011[10]OtukeOtukeBarocok2.5071833.10303Filtration0.0Kato Katz5.1
Post-MDA2011[10]OtukeOtukeMalika2.4351933.25354Filtration0.0Kato Katz11.5
Post-MDA2011[10]OtukeOtukeOlarokwon com2.5136033.26091Filtration0.0Kato Katz0.0
Post-MDA2011[10]OyamOyamAber2.2011432.34769Filtration0.0Kato Katz1.6
Post-MDA2011[10]OyamOyamAleka2.5606932.75598Filtration0.0Kato Katz43.3
Post-MDA2011[10]OyamOyamAnget2.5783032.78435Filtration0.0Kato Katz32.3
Pre-MDA1951[2]OyamAloroDirect Micro28.6Direct Micro0.0
Pre-MDA1951[2]ApacAyerDirect Micro39.3Direct Micro0.0
Pre-MDA1951[2]ApacAbokiDirect Micro33.3Direct Micro0.0
Pre-MDA1951[2]ApacNyunbuke CatholicDirect Micro0.0Direct Micro0.0
Pre-MDA1951[2]ApacNyunbuke ProtestantDirect Micro0.0Direct Micro0.0
Pre-MDA1951[2]ApacAber ProtestantDirect Micro20.0Direct Micro0.0
Pre-MDA1951[2]ApacAdyegiDirect Micro0.0Direct Micro0.0
Pre-MDA1951[2]ApacIbuje-AlengaDirect Micro27.3Direct Micro0.0
Pre-MDA1951[2]ApacAkokoroDirect Micro0.0Direct Micro0.0
Pre-MDA1951[2]ApacNyalu VillageDirect Micro0.0Direct Micro0.0
Pre-MDA1967[2]KoleAbiloninoFiltration51.6Formal- ether0.0
Pre-MDA1967[3]ApacAbiyaFiltration0.0Formal- ether3.6
Pre-MDA1967[3]ApacAdukuFiltration0.0Formal- ether0.0
Pre-MDA1967[3]LiraAkia (Lira)Filtration0.0Formal- ether10.3
Pre-MDA1967[3]AlebtongAloiFiltration0.0Formal- ether0.0
Pre-MDA1967[3]LiraAturaFiltration0.0Formal- ether0.0
Pre-MDA1967[3]AmolatorMuntuFiltration0.0Formal- ether0.0
Pre-MDA1967[3]OtukeParangaFiltration0.0Formal- ether53.3
Pre-MDA1967[3]OyamTebokeFiltration0.0Formal- ether0.0
Table 5

Snail data model results.

Snail speciesDependent variableFactor (baseline; category)Odds ratio (95% CI)p- value
Bi. sudanicaPresence/Absencealtitude (meters); continuous (+ 1)0.95 (0.89–1.01)0.073
Temperature (C); Continuous (+ 0.1)0.61 (0.41–0.91)0.017
Bi. pfeifferiAbundancepH; continuous (+ 0.1)564.45* (5.50–5.794)0.010
Bu. forskaliiPresence/Absencealtitude (meters); continuous (+ 1)0.96 (0.93–0.99)0.019
Abundancealtitude (meters); continuous (+ 1)0.93 (0.87–0.99)0.021
Bu. tropicusPresence/Absencealtitude (meters); continuous (+ 1)1.02 (1.00–1.04)0.074

Note pH is on a logarithmic scale, and so an odds ratio of 10 corresponds to an increase of 1 on the pH scale, an increase of 100 corresponds to 2 pH points, etc. No factors were significant in predicting the presence/absence or abundance of snails infected with non-human cercariae.

Showing S. mansoni prevalence in Lango region, 2007. Showing S.haematobium prevalence, by Hemastix result - 2011. Direct comparison of S.haematobium prevalence in sites surveyed both in 2007 and 2011, by Hemastix. Pre-MDA and Post-MDA Schistosomiasis Control in Lango region. The data Presented here shows the trends of co-endemic occurrence of Schistosoma mansoni (S.m) and Schistosoma haematobium (S.h) Pre-intervention (Mass Drug Administration, MDA) and Post-MDA. Snail data model results. Note pH is on a logarithmic scale, and so an odds ratio of 10 corresponds to an increase of 1 on the pH scale, an increase of 100 corresponds to 2 pH points, etc. No factors were significant in predicting the presence/absence or abundance of snails infected with non-human cercariae.

Experimental designs, methods and materials

This study related to the data was carried out in the former Lango district previously described by [2]. About 20 ml of urine were collected and tested for the presence of microhaematuria using reagent strips (Hemastix©, Bayer, Germany) and recorded following grading [4]. For confirmation of the infection, a syringe filtration method [5] and examined for schistosome eggs [1] while stool samples for S.mansoni infections were processed using Kato-Katz double thick smears [6] using a 41.7 mg template and duplicate smears examined under a microscope according to WHO guidelines [1]. Snail surveys were conducted in 2007 in the vicinity of each school surveyed for Bulinus and Biomphalaria snail species following guidelines [7] and identified using field keys [8] and [9]. The following datasets are presented.

2007 data

The Table 1 below shows the data on the generalized linear model (GLM) looking at factors influencing binomial prevalence of S. haematobium infection (as diagnosed by Hemastix), with inclusion of age, sex and knowledge of bilharzia as explanatory variables.

2011 data

The 2011 data presented in Table 2 shows S. mansoni infection, the relationships with sex and age amongst those surveyed.

Direct comparison of S.haematobium prevalence in sites surveyed both in 2007 and 2011, by Hemastix

In several cases, multiple surveys had been conducted in the same region in 2007 whereas only a single survey was carried out in 2011. In some cases, the survey in 2007 took place in the community whereas the follow-up in 2011 took place in the local primary school; these cases are marked with “*”. The inverse cases, where the initial survey took place in a primary school and the follow-up in the community, are marked with “**”. Urine syringe filtration was only carried out in 2011 (Table 3).

Snail data model

All models were multivariate, including altitude, temperature, pH, conductivity and dissolved oxygen as covariates. Presence/absence models were estimated using a generalized linear model (glm) whereas abundance mo dels were estimated using a linear model (lm) with only factors that had a p-value less than 0.1 included(at the 95% confidence level) (Table 5).
Subject areaNeglected Tropical Diseases
More specific subject areaSchistosoma mansoni and Schistosoma haematobium in co-endemic focus in Uganda
Type of dataTables and figures
How data was acquiredField surveys involving collection and examination of stool and urine samples from school age children and adults
Data formatRaw and analyzed
Experimental factorsThe above parameters in the abstract were analyzed according to WHO guidelines
Experimental featuresStool and Urine samples were analyzed according to WHO guidelines[1]
Data source locationKampala, Uganda Latitude & Longitude for collected data are presented in this data article
Data accessibilityAll data are within this article.
Related research article[10] Adriko, M., et al., The epidemiology of schistosomiasis in Lango region Uganda 60 years after Schwetz 1951: Can schistosomiasis be eliminated through mass drug administration without other supportive control measures? Acta Trop, 2018. 185: p. 412–418.
  8 in total

1.  Field studies of a rapid, accurate means of quantifying Schistosoma haematobium eggs in urine samples.

Authors:  P A Peters; A A Mahmoud; K S Warren; J H Ouma; T K Siongok
Journal:  Bull World Health Organ       Date:  1976       Impact factor: 9.408

2.  Prevention and control of schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminthiasis.

Authors: 
Journal:  World Health Organ Tech Rep Ser       Date:  2002

3.  On vesical bilharzia in the Lango District (Uganda).

Authors:  J SCHWETZ
Journal:  Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg       Date:  1951-04       Impact factor: 2.184

4.  The significance of proteinuria and haematuria in Schistosoma haematobium infection.

Authors:  H A Wilkins; P Goll; T F Marshall; P Moore
Journal:  Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg       Date:  1979       Impact factor: 2.184

5.  A simple device for quantitative stool thick-smear technique in Schistosomiasis mansoni.

Authors:  N Katz; A Chaves; J Pellegrino
Journal:  Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo       Date:  1972 Nov-Dec       Impact factor: 1.846

6.  The circumstantial epidemiology of Schistosoma haematobium in Lango district, Uganda.

Authors:  D J Bradley; R F Sturrock; P N Williams
Journal:  East Afr Med J       Date:  1967-05

7.  An introductory guide to the identification of cercariae from African freshwater snails with special reference to cercariae of trematode species of medical and veterinary importance.

Authors:  F Frandsen; N O Christensen
Journal:  Acta Trop       Date:  1984-06       Impact factor: 3.112

8.  The epidemiology of schistosomiasis in Lango region Uganda 60 years after Schwetz 1951: Can schistosomiasis be eliminated through mass drug administration without other supportive control measures?

Authors:  M Adriko; B Tinkitina; E M Tukahebw; C J Standley; J R Stothard; N B Kabatereine
Journal:  Acta Trop       Date:  2018-06-20       Impact factor: 3.112

  8 in total
  2 in total

1.  Mass administration of medicines in changing contexts: Acceptability, adaptability and community directed approaches in Kaduna and Ogun States, Nigeria.

Authors:  Oluwatosin Adekeye; Kim Ozano; Ruth Dixon; Elisabeth Osim Elhassan; Luret Lar; Elena Schmidt; Sunday Isiyaku; Okefu Okoko; Rachael Thomson; Sally Theobald; Laura Dean
Journal:  PLoS Negl Trop Dis       Date:  2020-11-25

2.  High prevalence of Schistosoma mansoni infection and stunting among school age children in communities along the Albert-Nile, Northern Uganda: A cross sectional study.

Authors:  Julius Mulindwa; Joyce Namulondo; Anna Kitibwa; Jacent Nassuuna; Oscar Asanya Nyangiri; Magambo Phillip Kimuda; Alex Boobo; Barbara Nerima; Fred Busingye; Rowel Candia; Annet Namukuta; Ronald Ssenyonga; Noah Ukumu; Paul Ajal; Moses Adriko; Harry Noyes; Claudia J de Dood; Paul L A M Corstjens; Govert J van Dam; Alison M Elliott; Enock Matovu
Journal:  PLoS Negl Trop Dis       Date:  2022-07-27
  2 in total

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