Atf3 induction is a therapeutic target for obesity and metabolic diseases.

Activating transcription factor 3 (Atf3) has been previously demonstrated to impact obesity and metabolism. However, a metabolic role of Atf3 in mice remains debatable. We investigated the role of Atf3 in mice and further investigated Atf3 expression as a therapeutic target for obesity and metabolic diseases. Atf3 knockout (KO) mice fed with a high fat diet (HFD) aggravated weight gain and impaired glucose metabolism compared to littermate control wild type (WT) mice. Atf3 KO aged mice fed with a chow diet (CD) for longer than 10 months also displayed increased body weight and fat mass compared to WT aged mice. We also assessed requirements of Atf3 in a phytochemical mediated anti-obese effect. Effect of sulfuretin, a previously known phytochemical Atf3 inducer, in counteracting weight gain and improving glucose tolerance was almost completely abolished in the absence of Atf3, indicating that Atf3 induction can be a molecular target for preventing obesity and metabolic diseases. We further identified other Atf3 small molecule inducers that exhibit inhibitory effects on lipid accumulation in adipocytes. These data highlight the role of Atf3 in obesity and further suggest the use of chemical Atf3 inducers for prevention of obesity and metabolic diseases.