| Literature DB >> 30216694 |
Filipe V Almeida1, Stephen M Douglass1, Mitchell E Fane1, Ashani T Weeraratna1.
Abstract
This review will focus on the role of the tumor microenvironment (TME) in the development of drug resistance in melanoma. Resistance to mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibitors (MAPKi) in melanoma is observed months after treatment, a phenomenon that is often attributed to the incredible plasticity of melanoma cells but may also depend on the TME. The TME is unique in its cellular composition-it contains fibroblasts, immune cells, endothelial cells, adipocytes, and among others. In addition, the TME provides "non-homeostatic" levels of oxygen, nutrients (hypoxia and metabolic stress), and extracellular matrix proteins, creating a pro-tumorigenic niche that drives resistance to MAPKi treatment. In this review, we will focus on how changes in the tumor microenvironment regulate MAPKi resistance.Entities:
Keywords: drug resistance; hypoxia; immunology; mechanotransduction; melanoma; oxidative stress
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Year: 2018 PMID： 30216694 PMCID： PMC6727967 DOI： 10.1111/pcmr.12736
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Pigment Cell Melanoma Res ISSN： 1755-1471 Impact factor: 4.693