Embryonal tumor with multilayered rosettes: illustrative case and review of the literature.

BACKGROUND: Embryonal tumor with multilayered rosettes (ETMR) is a very rare entity and has seldom been reported. It has been newly defined tumor entity included in the latest update (revised fourth edition) of WHO 2016 Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System which portends a uniform dismal prognosis and survival even with the best of multimodality approaches. ILLUSTRATIVE CASE: This report documents the presentation of a 2-year-old girl with voluminous intracranial ETMR in the right parieto-occipital region. We describe clinical diagnosis, histological aspects, radiological features, and current management of this very aggressive tumor.
CONCLUSION: Pediatric intracranial ETMR is a highly aggressive neoplasm, and it should be considered in the differential diagnosis of pediatric brain tumors.