[Molecular predictors in immune oncology].

The current rapid development of novel therapeutic approaches in immune oncology (IO) and specifically in the field of immune checkpoint inhibition is accompanied by an equally dynamic development of novel biomarker approaches for the identification of responding/non-responding patients under IO treatment. In addition to the measurement of the expression of checkpoint ligands/receptors, complex molecular predictors are gaining increasing attention in certain IO treatment constellations. This includes the entity informed identification of molecularly defined biological tumor subtypes (e.g., microsatellite instable neoplasms), the measurement of tumor mutational load and immune cell effector signatures as relatively routine diagnostic compatible novel biomarker strategies. In addition, a multitude of even more complex molecular IO biomarker approaches is emerging. This development is accompanied by new patient selection strategies which are based on the simultaneous combinatorial evaluation of more than one parameter. This article provides a comprehensive overview on currently relevant aspects in the field of IO biomarkers.