Miguel García-Villarino1,2, Isolina Riaño-Galán1,3, Ana Cristina Rodriguez-Dehli4, Esther Vizcaíno5, Joan O Grimalt5, Adonina Tardón1,2, Ana Fernández-Somoano1,2. 1. Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain. 2. Unit of Molecular Cancer Epidemiology, University Institute of Oncology of the Principality of Asturias (IUOPA), Department of Medicine, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain. 3. Pediatric Endocrinology, HUCA, Oviedo, Spain. 4. Pediatric Endocrinology, San Agustín Hospital, Avilés, Spain. 5. Department of Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDÆA-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Anogenital distance (AGD) is a measure of in utero exposure to hormonally active agents. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the association between prenatal exposure to persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and AGD. METHODS: POP levels were measured in pregnant women, and the AGD was recorded in 43 offspring at 18 months. We used linear regression models to analyze the association between maternal POP exposure and offspring AGD. We defined the anogenital index (AGI) as AGD divided by weight at 18 months (AGI = AGD / weight at 18 months [mm/kg]) and included this variable in the regression models. RESULTS: AGI measure was 2.35 (0.61) and 1.38 (0.45) in males and females, respectively. AGI was inversely associated with lipid-adjusted concentrations of PBDE-99 (β = -0.28, 95% confidence interval [CI]: -0.51, -0.04) and PBDE-153 (β = -0.61, 95% CI: -1.11, -0.11) in males. We did not find any statistically significant relationship between any POPs and AGI in females. CONCLUSIONS: Environmental exposure to POPs may affect genital development and result in reproductive tract alterations with potentially relevant health consequences in maturity. The Author(s). Published by S. Karger AG, Basel.
BACKGROUND: Anogenital distance (AGD) is a measure of in utero exposure to hormonally active agents. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the association between prenatal exposure to persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and AGD. METHODS: POP levels were measured in pregnant women, and the AGD was recorded in 43 offspring at 18 months. We used linear regression models to analyze the association between maternal POP exposure and offspring AGD. We defined the anogenital index (AGI) as AGD divided by weight at 18 months (AGI = AGD / weight at 18 months [mm/kg]) and included this variable in the regression models. RESULTS: AGI measure was 2.35 (0.61) and 1.38 (0.45) in males and females, respectively. AGI was inversely associated with lipid-adjusted concentrations of PBDE-99 (β = -0.28, 95% confidence interval [CI]: -0.51, -0.04) and PBDE-153 (β = -0.61, 95% CI: -1.11, -0.11) in males. We did not find any statistically significant relationship between any POPs and AGI in females. CONCLUSIONS: Environmental exposure to POPs may affect genital development and result in reproductive tract alterations with potentially relevant health consequences in maturity. The Author(s). Published by S. Karger AG, Basel.
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