Marina Carotti1, Fausto Salaffi2, Marco Di Carlo3, Francesco Sessa1, Andrea Giovagnoni1. 1. Department of Radiology, Ospedali Riuniti, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy. 2. Rheumatological Clinic, Ospedale "Carlo Urbani", Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Aldo Moro, 25, 60035, Jesi, Ancona, Italy. 3. Rheumatological Clinic, Ospedale "Carlo Urbani", Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Aldo Moro, 25, 60035, Jesi, Ancona, Italy. dica.marco@yahoo.it.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To assess the involvement of the atlantoaxial joint in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis (ERA) and to elucidate the risk profile for the individual patient. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Consecutive ERA patients (disease duration < 12 months) were included in our study. A cervical spine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and X-rays (cervical spine, hands, wrists, and feet) were performed in all patients. The MRI features were correlated with clinical, radiological, and biochemical variables. RESULTS: Fifty patients (13 men and 37 women) with a mean age of 58.2 years (range, 36-79 years) were included in the study. In 12 (24%) patients were detectable MRI findings suggestive of the craniovertebral junction involvement. Compared with patients without cervical involvement, the patients with atlantoaxial synovitis showed a significantly higher anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA) titer [mean 200.25 UI (SD 262.44) vs. mean 22.05 (SD 40.21) (p < 0.001)]; a worse Disease Activity Score 44 joints (DAS44) [mean 5.72 (SD 0.44) vs. mean 4.52 (SD 0.53) (p < 0.001)]; a worse Health Assessment Questionnaire Disability Index (HAQ-DI) [mean 1.55 (SD 0.37) vs. mean 1.09 (SD 0.33) (p < 0.001)], and a higher Simple Erosion Narrowing Score (SENS) [mean 15.83 (SD 4.52) vs. mean 7.71 (SD 3.43) (p < 0.001)]. The multivariate analysis revealed a meaningful relationship between atlantoaxial synovitis and ACPA, DAS44, and the presence of an erosive disease. CONCLUSIONS: The craniovertebral junction is frequently involved in ERA patients. ACPA, high disease activity, and erosive disease at baseline are predictors of atlantoaxial involvement.
OBJECTIVE: To assess the involvement of the atlantoaxial joint in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis (ERA) and to elucidate the risk profile for the individual patient. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Consecutive ERA patients (disease duration < 12 months) were included in our study. A cervical spine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and X-rays (cervical spine, hands, wrists, and feet) were performed in all patients. The MRI features were correlated with clinical, radiological, and biochemical variables. RESULTS: Fifty patients (13 men and 37 women) with a mean age of 58.2 years (range, 36-79 years) were included in the study. In 12 (24%) patients were detectable MRI findings suggestive of the craniovertebral junction involvement. Compared with patients without cervical involvement, the patients with atlantoaxial synovitis showed a significantly higher anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA) titer [mean 200.25 UI (SD 262.44) vs. mean 22.05 (SD 40.21) (p < 0.001)]; a worse Disease Activity Score 44 joints (DAS44) [mean 5.72 (SD 0.44) vs. mean 4.52 (SD 0.53) (p < 0.001)]; a worse Health Assessment Questionnaire Disability Index (HAQ-DI) [mean 1.55 (SD 0.37) vs. mean 1.09 (SD 0.33) (p < 0.001)], and a higher Simple Erosion Narrowing Score (SENS) [mean 15.83 (SD 4.52) vs. mean 7.71 (SD 3.43) (p < 0.001)]. The multivariate analysis revealed a meaningful relationship between atlantoaxial synovitis and ACPA, DAS44, and the presence of an erosive disease. CONCLUSIONS: The craniovertebral junction is frequently involved in ERA patients. ACPA, high disease activity, and erosive disease at baseline are predictors of atlantoaxial involvement.
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