Catia Cillóniz1, Antonella Ielpo2, Antoni Torres3. 1. Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Institut Clinic del Tórax, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona - Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona (UB) - SGR 911- Ciber de Enfermedades Respiratorias (Ciberes), C/ Villarroel 170, 08036, Barcelona, Spain. catiacilloniz@yahoo.com. 2. Department of Medicine and Surgery, Respiratory Disease, and Lung Function Unit, University of Parma, Parma, Italy. 3. Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Institut Clinic del Tórax, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona - Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona (UB) - SGR 911- Ciber de Enfermedades Respiratorias (Ciberes), C/ Villarroel 170, 08036, Barcelona, Spain. atorres@clinic.cat.
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This article reviews the most recent publications on community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in the HIV-infected population on antiretroviral therapy (ART), focusing on epidemiology, prognostic factors, etiology, and antimicrobial therapy. The data discussed here were mainly obtained from a non-systematic review using Medline and references from relevant articles. RECENT FINDINGS: CAP remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality among HIV-infected patients and incurs high health costs despite the introduction of ART. HIV-infected patients are generally known to be more susceptible to bacterial pneumonia. Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most frequently reported pathogen in HIV-infected patients on ART, who present a higher rate of bacteremia than non-HIV-infected patients. Several studies have also examined microbial etiology and prognostic factors of CAP in HIV-infected patients on ART. Despite the high rate of bacterial pneumonia in these patients, mortality rates are not higher than in patients without HIV infection.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This article reviews the most recent publications on community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in the HIV-infected population on antiretroviral therapy (ART), focusing on epidemiology, prognostic factors, etiology, and antimicrobial therapy. The data discussed here were mainly obtained from a non-systematic review using Medline and references from relevant articles. RECENT FINDINGS: CAP remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality among HIV-infectedpatients and incurs high health costs despite the introduction of ART. HIV-infectedpatients are generally known to be more susceptible to bacterial pneumonia. Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most frequently reported pathogen in HIV-infectedpatients on ART, who present a higher rate of bacteremia than non-HIV-infectedpatients. Several studies have also examined microbial etiology and prognostic factors of CAP in HIV-infectedpatients on ART. Despite the high rate of bacterial pneumonia in these patients, mortality rates are not higher than in patients without HIV infection.
Entities:
Keywords:
Community-acquired pneumonia; HIV infection; Treatment
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