Clinical Effectiveness of Lifestyle Health Coaching: Case Study of an Evidence-Based Program.

We have developed, tested, and successfully implemented an affordable, evidence-based, technology-enabled, data-driven, outcomes-oriented, comprehensive lifestyle health coaching (LHC) program. The LHC program has been used primarily to provide services to employees of larger employers (ie, with at least 3000 employees) but has also been implemented in a variety of other settings, including hospitals, cardiac rehabilitation centers, physician practices, and as part of multicenter clinical trials. The program is delivered mainly using the telephone and Internet. Health coaches are guided by a Web-based participant management and tracking system. Lifestyle management interventions are based on several behavior change models and strategies, especially adult learning theory, social learning theory, the stages of change model, single concept learning theory, and motivational interviewing. The program is administered by nonphysician health professionals whose services are integrated with the care provided by participants' physicians. Outcomes data from published studies, including randomized clinical trials and independent third-party conducted research, have documented the clinical effectiveness of this evidence-based approach in terms of modification of multiple risk factors in healthy persons as well as those with certain common chronic diseases.