Yuze Gong1,2, Shuang Wang2, Zhuowen Liang3, Zhe Wang3, Xu Zhang1,2, Jie Li1,2, Jiwei Song3,4, Xueyu Hu3, Kaige Wang2, Qingli He1, Jintao Bai1,2. 1. Institute of Photonics and Photon-Technology, The cultivation base of the state key laboratory of optoelectronic technology and functional materials co-constructed by Ministry of Education and Shaanxi Province, Northwest University, Xi'an, China. 2. Department of Physics, Northwest University, Xi'an, China. 3. Department of Orthopaedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China. 4. Department of Orthopaedics, Chinese people's Liberation Army 513 Hospital, Lanzhou, China.
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS: Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) leads to complex photochemical responses during the healing process of spinal cord injury (SCI). Confocal Raman Microspectral Imaging (in combination with multivariate analysis) was adopted to illustrate the underlying biochemical mechanisms of LLLT treatment on a SCI rat model. METHODS: Using transversal tissue sections, the Raman spectra can identify areas neighboring the injury site, glial scar, cavity, and unharmed white matter, as well as their correlated cellular alterations, such as demyelination and up-regulation of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs). Multivariate data analysis methods are used to depict the underlying therapeutic effects by highlighting the detailed content and distribution variations of the biochemical constituents. RESULTS: It is confirmed that photon-tissue interactions might lead to a decay of the inhibitory response to remyelination by suppressing CSPG expression, as also morphologically demonstrated by reduced glial scar and cavity areas. An inter-group comparison semi-quantitatively confirms changes in lipids, phosphatidic acid, CSPGs, and cholesterol during SCI and its LLLT treatment, paving the way for in vitro and in vivo understanding of the biochemical changes accompanying pathobiological SCI events. CONCLUSION: The achieved results in this work not only have once again proved the well-known cellular mechanisms of SCI, but further illustrate the underlying biochemical variability during LLLT treatment, which provide a sound basis for developing real-time Raman methodologies to monitor the efficacy of the SCI LLLT treatment.
BACKGROUND/AIMS: Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) leads to complex photochemical responses during the healing process of spinal cord injury (SCI). Confocal Raman Microspectral Imaging (in combination with multivariate analysis) was adopted to illustrate the underlying biochemical mechanisms of LLLT treatment on a SCI rat model. METHODS: Using transversal tissue sections, the Raman spectra can identify areas neighboring the injury site, glial scar, cavity, and unharmed white matter, as well as their correlated cellular alterations, such as demyelination and up-regulation of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs). Multivariate data analysis methods are used to depict the underlying therapeutic effects by highlighting the detailed content and distribution variations of the biochemical constituents. RESULTS: It is confirmed that photon-tissue interactions might lead to a decay of the inhibitory response to remyelination by suppressing CSPG expression, as also morphologically demonstrated by reduced glial scar and cavity areas. An inter-group comparison semi-quantitatively confirms changes in lipids, phosphatidic acid, CSPGs, and cholesterol during SCI and its LLLT treatment, paving the way for in vitro and in vivo understanding of the biochemical changes accompanying pathobiological SCI events. CONCLUSION: The achieved results in this work not only have once again proved the well-known cellular mechanisms of SCI, but further illustrate the underlying biochemical variability during LLLT treatment, which provide a sound basis for developing real-time Raman methodologies to monitor the efficacy of the SCI LLLT treatment.
Authors: Xellen Cunha Muniz; Ana Carolina Correa de Assis; Bruna Stefane Alves de Oliveira; Luiz Fernando Romanholo Ferreira; Muhammad Bilal; Hafiz M N Iqbal; Renato Nery Soriano Journal: Neurol Sci Date: 2021-07-22 Impact factor: 3.307