OBJECTIVES: In 2011, approximately 1.7 million pediatric patients had a codeine-containing prescription filled at a US retail pharmacy. Numerous cases involving serious adverse effects or fatalities have been reported in children who have been prescribed codeine. In 2013, the US Food and Drug Administration added a boxed warning to avoid codeine in children after a tonsillectomy. The purpose of this study is to determine pharmacists' and pediatricians' knowledge of the boxed warning for codeine in children. METHODS: Two separate surveys were administered to community pharmacists in Maryland, pediatricians, and pediatric residents at a single institution in Maryland. Both surveys consisted of questions regarding knowledge of the boxed warning for codeine in children. RESULTS: There was no difference in the awareness of the boxed warning between pharmacists (48.9%, n = 43) and pediatricians (51.3%, n = 41, p = 0.88). More pharmacists knew that ultrarapid metabolizers have the risk for increased adverse events from codeine (39.5% pharmacists vs. 20% pediatricians, p = 0.01). In addition, 36% of pharmacists and 33% of pediatricians noted that it was never appropriate to use codeine in a child (p = 0.73). CONCLUSIONS: Only half of pharmacists and pediatricians surveyed were aware of the boxed warning for codeine. One third of pharmacists and pediatricians in this study would never use codeine in a child. Therefore, more education is needed for pharmacists and pediatricians regarding the dangers of using codeine in children.
OBJECTIVES: In 2011, approximately 1.7 million pediatric patients had a codeine-containing prescription filled at a US retail pharmacy. Numerous cases involving serious adverse effects or fatalities have been reported in children who have been prescribed codeine. In 2013, the US Food and Drug Administration added a boxed warning to avoid codeine in children after a tonsillectomy. The purpose of this study is to determine pharmacists' and pediatricians' knowledge of the boxed warning for codeine in children. METHODS: Two separate surveys were administered to community pharmacists in Maryland, pediatricians, and pediatric residents at a single institution in Maryland. Both surveys consisted of questions regarding knowledge of the boxed warning for codeine in children. RESULTS: There was no difference in the awareness of the boxed warning between pharmacists (48.9%, n = 43) and pediatricians (51.3%, n = 41, p = 0.88). More pharmacists knew that ultrarapid metabolizers have the risk for increased adverse events from codeine (39.5% pharmacists vs. 20% pediatricians, p = 0.01). In addition, 36% of pharmacists and 33% of pediatricians noted that it was never appropriate to use codeine in a child (p = 0.73). CONCLUSIONS: Only half of pharmacists and pediatricians surveyed were aware of the boxed warning for codeine. One third of pharmacists and pediatricians in this study would never use codeine in a child. Therefore, more education is needed for pharmacists and pediatricians regarding the dangers of using codeine in children.
Entities:
Keywords:
adverse drug effect; boxed warning; children; codeine; pediatric
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