Abdullah Alkandari1, Joseph C Longenecker2, Noël C Barengo3, Ahmad Alkhatib4, Elisabete Weiderpass5, Rihab Al-Wotayan6, Qais Al Duwairi4, Jaakko Tuomilehto4. 1. Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City, Kuwait. Electronic address: abdullah.alkandari@dasmaninstitute.org. 2. Faculty of Medicine and Faculty of Public Health, Kuwait University, Kuwait. 3. Medical and Population Health Sciences Research, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, USA. 4. Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City, Kuwait. 5. Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City, Kuwait; Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway; Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Institute of Population-Based Cancer Research, Oslo, Norway; Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Genetic Epidemiology Group, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland. 6. Primary Health Care Department, Ministry of Health, Kuwait.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Kuwait ranks among the top 20 countries worldwide in diabetes prevalence. This study's objectives were to assess the prevalence of pre-diabetes and diabetes in Kuwaiti adults. METHODS: Kuwaiti citizens aged 18-69 years (n = 3915) were studied using the WHO's STEPwise survey methodology, including its Instrument for Chronic Disease Risk Factor Surveillance. Participants' demographics, medical history, physical measurements and blood biochemistry were assessed. A subset of 2561 individuals completed all three survey steps, including fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and HbA1c assays. The study assessed the prevalence of pre-diabetes (FPG 6.1-6.9 mmol/L or HbA1c level 5.7-6.4%) and diabetes (self-reported history of diabetes with prescription of diabetes medications or FPG ≥ 7 mmol/L or HbA1c level ≥6.5%). RESULTS: The prevalence of pre-diabetes was 19.4% [95% CI: 17.9-21.0%] (By sex: Men, 19.3%; Women, 19.5%; p = 0.92; By age (years): 18-29 y, 13.9%; 30-44 y, 22.6%; 45-59 y, 25.8%; 60-69 y, 16.4%; p < 0.001). The prevalence of diabetes was 18.8% [17.3-20.4%] (By sex: Men, 20.4%; Women, 17.4%; p = 0.055; By age: 18-29 y, 6.6%; 30-44 y, 14.0%; 45-59 y, 36.7%; 60-69 y, 62.8%; p < 0.001), of whom 41.5% were previously undiagnosed. Diabetes prevalence was 27.4% among those with body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30 kg/m2, 29% among those with elevated waist-hip ratio and 36% among those with hypertension. Diabetes was positively associated with BMI, waist-hip ratio and blood pressure level. Pre-diabetes was positively associated with BMI and waist-hip ratio, but not blood pressure level. CONCLUSIONS: Almost 40% of Kuwaiti citizens had pre-diabetes or diabetes. Urgent public health action is needed to decrease diabetes prevalence and thus avoid associated morbidity and mortality.
BACKGROUND: Kuwait ranks among the top 20 countries worldwide in diabetes prevalence. This study's objectives were to assess the prevalence of pre-diabetes and diabetes in Kuwaiti adults. METHODS: Kuwaiti citizens aged 18-69 years (n = 3915) were studied using the WHO's STEPwise survey methodology, including its Instrument for Chronic Disease Risk Factor Surveillance. Participants' demographics, medical history, physical measurements and blood biochemistry were assessed. A subset of 2561 individuals completed all three survey steps, including fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and HbA1c assays. The study assessed the prevalence of pre-diabetes (FPG 6.1-6.9 mmol/L or HbA1c level 5.7-6.4%) and diabetes (self-reported history of diabetes with prescription of diabetes medications or FPG ≥ 7 mmol/L or HbA1c level ≥6.5%). RESULTS: The prevalence of pre-diabetes was 19.4% [95% CI: 17.9-21.0%] (By sex: Men, 19.3%; Women, 19.5%; p = 0.92; By age (years): 18-29 y, 13.9%; 30-44 y, 22.6%; 45-59 y, 25.8%; 60-69 y, 16.4%; p < 0.001). The prevalence of diabetes was 18.8% [17.3-20.4%] (By sex: Men, 20.4%; Women, 17.4%; p = 0.055; By age: 18-29 y, 6.6%; 30-44 y, 14.0%; 45-59 y, 36.7%; 60-69 y, 62.8%; p < 0.001), of whom 41.5% were previously undiagnosed. Diabetes prevalence was 27.4% among those with body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30 kg/m2, 29% among those with elevated waist-hip ratio and 36% among those with hypertension. Diabetes was positively associated with BMI, waist-hip ratio and blood pressure level. Pre-diabetes was positively associated with BMI and waist-hip ratio, but not blood pressure level. CONCLUSIONS: Almost 40% of Kuwaiti citizens had pre-diabetes or diabetes. Urgent public health action is needed to decrease diabetes prevalence and thus avoid associated morbidity and mortality.
Authors: Elisabete Weiderpass; Edoardo Botteri; Joseph C Longenecker; Abdullah Alkandari; Rihab Al-Wotayan; Qais Al Duwairi; Jaakko Tuomilehto Journal: Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) Date: 2019-07-09 Impact factor: 5.555
Authors: Walid Q Alali; Joseph C Longenecker; Rehab Alwotyan; Hessa AlKandari; Fahd Al-Mulla; Qais Al Duwairi Journal: Environ Sci Pollut Res Int Date: 2020-11-08 Impact factor: 5.190