Pulmonary retransplantation.

Lung retransplantation has developed quickly these years with the increasing number of primary lung transplantation. But the operative risk and survival of lung retransplantation was inferior to primary lung transplantation. The bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS), the early graft failure and the irreversible airway complications are the main causes for lung retransplantation. In this review, we give a general view of the history of lung retransplantation. And we reviewed the factor related to the prognosis of lung retransplantation according to the previous publications. There have been four lung retransplantation in Shanghai Chest Hospital till now. We shared our preliminary experience here.