Tertiary Hyperparathyroidism With Renal Osteodystrophy on 18F-Fluorocholine PET/CT.

A 27-year-old man, with a history of chronic renal failure due to obstructive uropathy, treated with hemodialysis and awaiting kidney transplantation, presented with tertiary hyperparathyroidism. Despite regulation of phosphate and calcium and treatment with cinacalcet, the serum parathyroid hormone levels remained elevated. The patient was referred for parathyroidectomy, and a F-fluorocholine PET/CT was acquired for preoperative planning. Besides visualization of the hyperfunctioning parathyroid glands, the scan also showed a typical picture of renal osteodystrophy, a finding on F-fluorocholine PET/CT that has not been reported before.