Fang Li1, Xiaoxue Fan1, Yu Zhang1, Yuanyuan Zhang1, Xiaonan Ma2, Junping Kou3, Boyang Yu4. 1. State Key Laboratory of Natural Products, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Department of Complex Prescription of TCM, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China. 2. Cellular and Molecular Biology Center of China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China. 3. State Key Laboratory of Natural Products, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Department of Complex Prescription of TCM, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China. Electronic address: junpingkou@cpu.edu.cn. 4. State Key Laboratory of Natural Products, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Department of Complex Prescription of TCM, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China. Electronic address: boyangyu59@163.com.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Mitochondrial fission is the essential mechanisms of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R)-induced cardiomyocytes apoptosis. Myosin II plays a key role in fission due to the recruitment and actomyosin constriction at the fission site in U2OS cells. However, the role of myosin IIA-actin interaction in regulating MI/R-induced cardiomyocytes mitochondrial fission and apoptosis remains to be fully elucidated. METHODS AND RESULTS: When cardiomyocytes are exposed to simulated I/R injury, the myosin IIA protein translocated from the juxtamembrane to the cytoplasm, interacted with actin filaments, formed stress fibers and generated contractile forces. Treatment with the myosin II inhibitor blebbistatin attenuated the myosin IIA-actin complex induced actomyosin contractility and prevented cardiomyocytes apoptosis as reflected by inhibition of cleaved caspase-3 expression, normalization of Bcl-2/Bax levels and decreased apoptotic cells. Meanwhile, blebbistatin inhibited the activation of PINK1/Parkin pathway and ameliorated mitochondrial fission as evidenced by improvement of mitochondrial morphology, inhibition of Drp1 phosphorylation at Ser616 and translocation. Furthermore, CRISPR/Cas9 knockout of myosin IIA blocked I/R-induced apoptosis, suppressed PINK1/Parkin pathway and reduced mitochondrial fission. Importantly, blebbistatin attenuated myocardial apoptosis, inhibited myosin IIA-actin interaction and PINK1/Parkin pathway, suppressed myocardial ultrastructure abnormalities and mitochondrial fission in a mouse MI/R injury model. CONCLUSIONS: Inhibition of actomyosin contractility induced by myosin IIA-actin interaction could impede myocardial apoptosis and MI/R injury via PINK1/Parkin pathway and mitochondrial fission modulation both in vitro and in vivo, which may be applicable for the development of therapies for cardiovascular diseases.
BACKGROUND: Mitochondrial fission is the essential mechanisms of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R)-induced cardiomyocytes apoptosis. Myosin II plays a key role in fission due to the recruitment and actomyosin constriction at the fission site in U2OS cells. However, the role of myosin IIA-actin interaction in regulating MI/R-induced cardiomyocytes mitochondrial fission and apoptosis remains to be fully elucidated. METHODS AND RESULTS: When cardiomyocytes are exposed to simulated I/R injury, the myosin IIA protein translocated from the juxtamembrane to the cytoplasm, interacted with actin filaments, formed stress fibers and generated contractile forces. Treatment with the myosin II inhibitor blebbistatin attenuated the myosin IIA-actin complex induced actomyosin contractility and prevented cardiomyocytes apoptosis as reflected by inhibition of cleaved caspase-3 expression, normalization of Bcl-2/Bax levels and decreased apoptotic cells. Meanwhile, blebbistatin inhibited the activation of PINK1/Parkin pathway and ameliorated mitochondrial fission as evidenced by improvement of mitochondrial morphology, inhibition of Drp1 phosphorylation at Ser616 and translocation. Furthermore, CRISPR/Cas9 knockout of myosin IIA blocked I/R-induced apoptosis, suppressed PINK1/Parkin pathway and reduced mitochondrial fission. Importantly, blebbistatin attenuated myocardial apoptosis, inhibited myosin IIA-actin interaction and PINK1/Parkin pathway, suppressed myocardial ultrastructure abnormalities and mitochondrial fission in a mouse MI/R injury model. CONCLUSIONS: Inhibition of actomyosin contractility induced by myosin IIA-actin interaction could impede myocardial apoptosis and MI/R injury via PINK1/Parkin pathway and mitochondrial fission modulation both in vitro and in vivo, which may be applicable for the development of therapies for cardiovascular diseases.