Victoria R Votaw1, Katie Witkiewitz2, Linda Valeri3, Olivera Bogunovic4, R Kathryn McHugh4. 1. Department of Psychology, University of New Mexico, MSC 03-2220, Albuquerque, NM 87131, Mexico. Electronic address: vvotaw@unm.edu. 2. Department of Psychology, University of New Mexico, MSC 03-2220, Albuquerque, NM 87131, Mexico; Center on Alcoholism, Substance Abuse, and Addictions, University of New Mexico, 2650 Yale Blvd SE, Albuquerque, NM 87106, Mexico. 3. Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, 401 Park Drive, Boston, MA 02155, USA; Psychiatric Biostatistics Laboratory, McLean Hospital, 115 Mill Street, Belmont, MA 02478, USA. 4. Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, 401 Park Drive, Boston, MA 02155, USA; Division of Alcohol and Drug Abuse, McLean Hospital, 115 Mill Street, Belmont, MA 02478, USA.
Abstract
AIMS: Nonmedical prescription sedative/tranquilizer (e.g., benzodiazepines) use (NMSTU) increases risk of overdose when combined with opioids and/or alcohol. Yet, little is known about NMSTU among those with alcohol and opioid use disorders. We aimed to characterize NMSTU and sedative/tranquilizer use disorder among adults with alcohol use disorder (AUD) and/or opioid use disorder (OUD) in a general population sample. METHODS: We conducted analyses of 2008-2014 National Survey on Drug Use and Health data; adults with past-year AUD-only (n = 27,416), OUD-only (n = 2142), and co-occurring AUD and OUD (n = 1483) were included (total N = 31,041). Multivariable logistic regression models were utilized to examine correlates of past-month NMSTU and past-year sedative/tranquilizer use disorder. Focal independent variables were polysubstance use (i.e., number of substances used in the previous year) and psychiatric distress. RESULTS: Among those with AUD-only, 27.1% reported lifetime NMSTU, 7.6% reported past-year NMSTU, 2.7% reported past-month NMSTU, and 0.6% met criteria for past-year sedative/tranquilizer use disorder. Corresponding prevalence rates among those with OUD-only were 69.5%, 43.0%, 22.6%, and 11.3%. Those with co-occurring AUD and OUD displayed the highest rates of NMSTU (e.g., 27.5% with past-month NMSTU) and sedative/tranquilizer use disorder (20.2%). Across groups, more severe polysubstance use and psychiatric distress were associated with increased risk of NMSTU and sedative/tranquilizer use disorder. CONCLUSIONS: Results of this analysis indicate that >25% of adults with AUD and approximately 70% of those with OUD report lifetime NMSTU. Among these populations, individuals with more polysubstance use and greater psychiatric distress might benefit from targeted interventions to reduce NMSTU.
AIMS: Nonmedical prescription sedative/tranquilizer (e.g., benzodiazepines) use (NMSTU) increases risk of overdose when combined with opioids and/or alcohol. Yet, little is known about NMSTU among those with alcohol and opioid use disorders. We aimed to characterize NMSTU and sedative/tranquilizer use disorder among adults with alcohol use disorder (AUD) and/or opioid use disorder (OUD) in a general population sample. METHODS: We conducted analyses of 2008-2014 National Survey on Drug Use and Health data; adults with past-year AUD-only (n = 27,416), OUD-only (n = 2142), and co-occurring AUD and OUD (n = 1483) were included (total N = 31,041). Multivariable logistic regression models were utilized to examine correlates of past-month NMSTU and past-year sedative/tranquilizer use disorder. Focal independent variables were polysubstance use (i.e., number of substances used in the previous year) and psychiatric distress. RESULTS: Among those with AUD-only, 27.1% reported lifetime NMSTU, 7.6% reported past-year NMSTU, 2.7% reported past-month NMSTU, and 0.6% met criteria for past-year sedative/tranquilizer use disorder. Corresponding prevalence rates among those with OUD-only were 69.5%, 43.0%, 22.6%, and 11.3%. Those with co-occurring AUD and OUD displayed the highest rates of NMSTU (e.g., 27.5% with past-month NMSTU) and sedative/tranquilizer use disorder (20.2%). Across groups, more severe polysubstance use and psychiatric distress were associated with increased risk of NMSTU and sedative/tranquilizer use disorder. CONCLUSIONS: Results of this analysis indicate that >25% of adults with AUD and approximately 70% of those with OUD report lifetime NMSTU. Among these populations, individuals with more polysubstance use and greater psychiatric distress might benefit from targeted interventions to reduce NMSTU.
Authors: R Kathryn McHugh; Andrew D Peckham; Thröstur Björgvinsson; Francesca M Korte; Courtney Beard Journal: J Psychiatr Res Date: 2020-05-24 Impact factor: 4.791
Authors: Celestina Barbosa-Leiker; Aimee N C Campbell; R Kathryn McHugh; Constance Guille; Shelly F Greenfield Journal: Psychiatr Res Clin Pract Date: 2020-10-13