Gretchen P Jackson1,2, Susan D Moffatt-Bruce3,4, Genevieve B Melton5,6. 1. Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee. 2. Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee. 3. Department of Surgery, University Hospital, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus. 4. Department of Biomedical Informatics, University Hospital, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus. 5. Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis. 6. Institute for Health Informatics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis.