Jentien M Vermeulen1, Frederike Schirmbeck1, Matthijs Blankers1, Mirjam van Tricht1, Richard Bruggeman1, Wim van den Brink1, Lieuwe de Haan1. 1. From the Department of Psychiatry and the Amsterdam Institute for Addiction Research, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam; Arkin Mental Health Care, Amsterdam; the Department of Psychiatry, Rob Giel Research Center, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands; and the Trimbos Institute, Netherlands Institute of Mental Health and Addiction, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The high prevalence of smoking and cognitive deficits in schizophrenia patients is well known, but findings regarding the association between the two are contradictory, and longitudinal studies are lacking. The authors sought to examine the multi-cross-sectional association between smoking behavior and performance in specific cognitive domains and the longitudinal association between change in smoking behavior and change in cognitive functioning in a large prospective study. METHOD: The authors conducted a cohort study of patients with nonaffective psychosis (N=1,094), their siblings (N=1,047), and healthy control subjects (N=579). At baseline and at 3- and 6-year follow-ups, smoking behavior was assessed with the Composite International Diagnostic Interview and cognitive functioning with a test battery. Multivariate linear mixed-effects regression analyses were conducted to assess associations between smoking and cognitive domains while adjusting for variation in demographic factors, psychopathology, medication, and substance use. Bonferroni correction for multiple testing was applied. RESULTS: At baseline, 66.6% of the patients smoked, compared with 38.3% of the siblings and 25.2% of the control subjects. Significant multi-cross-sectional associations were found between smoking and lower processing speed in the patient and control groups compared with the nonsmoking patient group (estimate=-2.38, SE=0.84) and the nonsmoking control group (estimate=-3.13, SE=1.06). In siblings, smoking was significantly associated with lower performance in working memory and reasoning and problem solving compared with nonsmoking. Also, the number of cigarettes smoked per day was negatively associated with these domains. Patients, but not siblings and control subjects, who quit smoking showed a significant improvement in processing speed (estimate=4.90, SE=1.73). CONCLUSIONS: The study findings indicate that smoking is associated with poorer cognitive performance in patients, their siblings, and healthy control subjects compared with nonsmoking. Smoking cessation may improve processing speed in patients.
OBJECTIVE: The high prevalence of smoking and cognitive deficits in schizophreniapatients is well known, but findings regarding the association between the two are contradictory, and longitudinal studies are lacking. The authors sought to examine the multi-cross-sectional association between smoking behavior and performance in specific cognitive domains and the longitudinal association between change in smoking behavior and change in cognitive functioning in a large prospective study. METHOD: The authors conducted a cohort study of patients with nonaffective psychosis (N=1,094), their siblings (N=1,047), and healthy control subjects (N=579). At baseline and at 3- and 6-year follow-ups, smoking behavior was assessed with the Composite International Diagnostic Interview and cognitive functioning with a test battery. Multivariate linear mixed-effects regression analyses were conducted to assess associations between smoking and cognitive domains while adjusting for variation in demographic factors, psychopathology, medication, and substance use. Bonferroni correction for multiple testing was applied. RESULTS: At baseline, 66.6% of the patients smoked, compared with 38.3% of the siblings and 25.2% of the control subjects. Significant multi-cross-sectional associations were found between smoking and lower processing speed in the patient and control groups compared with the nonsmoking patient group (estimate=-2.38, SE=0.84) and the nonsmoking control group (estimate=-3.13, SE=1.06). In siblings, smoking was significantly associated with lower performance in working memory and reasoning and problem solving compared with nonsmoking. Also, the number of cigarettes smoked per day was negatively associated with these domains. Patients, but not siblings and control subjects, who quit smoking showed a significant improvement in processing speed (estimate=4.90, SE=1.73). CONCLUSIONS: The study findings indicate that smoking is associated with poorer cognitive performance in patients, their siblings, and healthy control subjects compared with nonsmoking. Smoking cessation may improve processing speed in patients.
Authors: Kerim Abdelkhalek; Mathias Rhein; Maximilian Deest; Vanessa Buchholz; Stefan Bleich; Ralf Lichtinghagen; Benjamin Vyssoki; Helge Frieling; Marc Muschler; Phileas Johannes Proskynitopoulos; Alexander Glahn Journal: Front Psychiatry Date: 2022-06-28 Impact factor: 5.435
Authors: Laura Ferraro; Caterina La Cascia; Diego Quattrone; Lucia Sideli; Domenica Matranga; Veronica Capuccio; Giada Tripoli; Charlotte Gayer-Anderson; Craig Morgan; Musa B Sami; Pak Sham; Lieuwe de Haan; Eva Velthorst; Hannah E Jongsma; James B Kirkbride; Bart P F Rutten; Alexander L Richards; Laura Roldan; Celso Arango; Miquel Bernardo; Julio Bobes; Julio Sanjuan; Jose Luis Santos; Manuel Arrojo; Ilaria Tarricone; Andrea Tortelli; Andrei Szöke; Cristina Marta Del-Ben; Jean-Paul Selten; Michael Lynskey; Peter B Jones; Jim Van Os; Daniele La Barbera; Robin M Murray; Marta Di Forti Journal: Schizophr Bull Date: 2020-04-10 Impact factor: 9.306
Authors: Heleen S van der Heijden; Frederike Schirmbeck; Matthew J Kempton; Mark van der Gaag; Kelly Allott; Barnaby Nelson; Stephan Ruhrmann; Lieuwe de Haan; Jentien M Vermeulen Journal: Eur Psychiatry Date: 2021-09-21 Impact factor: 5.361
Authors: Frederike Schirmbeck; Els van der Ven; Lindy-Lou Boyette; Philip McGuire; Lucia R Valmaggia; Matthew J Kempton; Mark van der Gaag; Anita Riecher-Rössler; Neus Barrantes-Vidal; Barnaby Nelson; Marie-Odile Krebs; Stephan Ruhrmann; Gabriele Sachs; Bart P F Rutten; Merete Nordentoft; Lieuwe de Haan; Jentien M Vermeulen Journal: Front Psychiatry Date: 2022-07-22 Impact factor: 5.435
Authors: Jorien L Treur; Marcus R Munafò; Emma Logtenberg; Reinout W Wiers; Karin J H Verweij Journal: Psychol Med Date: 2021-05-25 Impact factor: 7.723