Augusto César Ferreira De Moraes1,2, Heráclito Barbosa Carvalho1, Robyn L McClelland3, Ana V Diez-Roux4, Moyses Szklo2. 1. YCARE (Youth/Child cArdiovascular Risk and Environmental) Research Group Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. 2. Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA. 3. Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA. 4. Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Low socioeconomic status (SES) is associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, but its association with different markers of SES may be heterogeneous by sex and race/ethnicity. METHODS: We have examined the relationships of four SES markers (education, family income, occupation and neighborhood SES) to ideal cardiovascular health (ICH), an index formed by seven variables. A total of 6792 cohort participants from six regions in the USA: Baltimore City and Baltimore County, MD; Chicago, IL; Forsyth County, NC; Los Angeles County, CA; New York, NY; and St. Paul, MN of the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) (52.8% women) were recruited at baseline (2000-2) and included in the present analysis. RESULTS: ICH was classified as poor, intermediate or ideal. Level of education was significantly and inversely associated with ICH in non-Hispanic White men and women, in Chinese-American and Hispanic American men and African-American women. Family income was inversely and significantly associated with poor ICH in African-American men only. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that the strength of the associations between some SES markers and ICH differ between sexes and race/ethnic groups.
BACKGROUND: Low socioeconomic status (SES) is associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, but its association with different markers of SES may be heterogeneous by sex and race/ethnicity. METHODS: We have examined the relationships of four SES markers (education, family income, occupation and neighborhood SES) to ideal cardiovascular health (ICH), an index formed by seven variables. A total of 6792 cohort participants from six regions in the USA: Baltimore City and Baltimore County, MD; Chicago, IL; Forsyth County, NC; Los Angeles County, CA; New York, NY; and St. Paul, MN of the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) (52.8% women) were recruited at baseline (2000-2) and included in the present analysis. RESULTS:ICH was classified as poor, intermediate or ideal. Level of education was significantly and inversely associated with ICH in non-Hispanic White men and women, in Chinese-American and Hispanic American men and African-American women. Family income was inversely and significantly associated with poor ICH in African-American men only. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that the strength of the associations between some SES markers and ICH differ between sexes and race/ethnic groups.
Authors: Rachel S Chang; Meng Xu; Sarah H Brown; Sarah S Cohen; Danxia Yu; Elvis A Akwo; Debra Dixon; Loren Lipworth; Deepak K Gupta Journal: Am J Cardiol Date: 2022-01-25 Impact factor: 2.778
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