Marvin E Langston1, Ratna Pakpahan1, Remington L Nevin2,3, Angelo M De Marzo4,5,6, Debra J Elliott4, Charlotte A Gaydos7, William B Isaacs5,6, William G Nelson4,5,6,8, Lori J Sokoll4,5,6, Jonathan M Zenilman7, Elizabeth A Platz5,6,9, Siobhan Sutcliffe1,10. 1. Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri. 2. The Quinism Foundation, White River Junction, Vermont. 3. The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland. 4. Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland. 5. Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, Maryland. 6. Department of Urology and the James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland. 7. Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland. 8. Department of Pharmacology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland. 9. Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland. 10. Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: To extend our previous observation of a short-term rise in prostate-specific antigen (PSA) concentration, a marker of prostate inflammation and cell damage, during and immediately following sexually transmitted and systemic infections, we examined the longer-term influence of these infections, both individually and cumulatively, on PSA over a mean of 10 years of follow-up in young active duty U.S. servicemen. METHODS: We measured PSA in serum specimens collected in 1995-7 (baseline) and 2004-6 (follow-up) from 265 men diagnosed with chlamydia (CT), 72 with gonorrhea (GC), 37 with non-chlamydial, non-gonococcal urethritis (NCNGU), 58 with infectious mononucleosis (IM), 91 with other systemic or non-genitourinary infections such as varicella; and 125-258 men with no infectious disease diagnoses in their medical record during follow-up (controls). We examined the influence of these infections on PSA change between baseline and follow-up. RESULTS: The proportion of men with any increase in PSA (>0 ng/mL) over the 10-year average follow-up was significantly higher in men with histories of sexually transmitted infections (CT, GC, and NCNGU; 67.7% vs 60.8%, P = 0.043), systemic infections (66.7% vs 54.4%, P = 0.047), or any infections (all cases combined; 68.5% vs 54.4%, P = 0.003) in their military medical record compared to controls. CONCLUSIONS: While PSA has been previously shown to rise during acute infection, these findings demonstrate that PSA remains elevated over a longer period. Additionally, the overall infection burden, rather than solely genitourinary-specific infection burden, contributed to these long-term changes, possibly implying a role for the cumulative burden of infections in prostate cancer risk.
BACKGROUND: To extend our previous observation of a short-term rise in prostate-specific antigen (PSA) concentration, a marker of prostate inflammation and cell damage, during and immediately following sexually transmitted and systemic infections, we examined the longer-term influence of these infections, both individually and cumulatively, on PSA over a mean of 10 years of follow-up in young active duty U.S. servicemen. METHODS: We measured PSA in serum specimens collected in 1995-7 (baseline) and 2004-6 (follow-up) from 265 men diagnosed with chlamydia (CT), 72 with gonorrhea (GC), 37 with non-chlamydial, non-gonococcal urethritis (NCNGU), 58 with infectious mononucleosis (IM), 91 with other systemic or non-genitourinary infections such as varicella; and 125-258 men with no infectious disease diagnoses in their medical record during follow-up (controls). We examined the influence of these infections on PSA change between baseline and follow-up. RESULTS: The proportion of men with any increase in PSA (>0 ng/mL) over the 10-year average follow-up was significantly higher in men with histories of sexually transmitted infections (CT, GC, and NCNGU; 67.7% vs 60.8%, P = 0.043), systemic infections (66.7% vs 54.4%, P = 0.047), or any infections (all cases combined; 68.5% vs 54.4%, P = 0.003) in their military medical record compared to controls. CONCLUSIONS: While PSA has been previously shown to rise during acute infection, these findings demonstrate that PSA remains elevated over a longer period. Additionally, the overall infection burden, rather than solely genitourinary-specific infection burden, contributed to these long-term changes, possibly implying a role for the cumulative burden of infections in prostate cancer risk.
Authors: Angelo M De Marzo; Elizabeth A Platz; Siobhan Sutcliffe; Jianfeng Xu; Henrik Grönberg; Charles G Drake; Yasutomo Nakai; William B Isaacs; William G Nelson Journal: Nat Rev Cancer Date: 2007-04 Impact factor: 60.716
Authors: Siobhan Sutcliffe; Jonathan M Zenilman; Khalil G Ghanem; Rosemary A Jadack; Lori J Sokoll; Debra J Elliott; William G Nelson; Angelo M De Marzo; Stephen R Cole; William B Isaacs; Elizabeth A Platz Journal: J Urol Date: 2006-05 Impact factor: 7.450
Authors: Lanshan Huang; Melissa J LaBonte; Stephanie G Craig; Stephen P Finn; Emma H Allott Journal: Cancers (Basel) Date: 2022-03-08 Impact factor: 6.639