Kaira Emanuella Sales da Silva-Leite1, Deysen Kerlla Fernandes Bezerra Girão2, Alana de Freitas Pires3, Ana Maria S Assreuy4, Pedro Almir Feitosa de Moraes5, Arcelina Pacheco Cunha6, Nágila Maria Pontes Silva Ricardo7, David Neil Criddle8, Marcellus Henrique Loiola Ponte de Souza9, Maria Gonçalves Pereira10, Pedro Marcos Gomes Soares11. 1. Superior Institute of Biomedical Sciences, State University of Ceara, Av. Dr. Silas Munguba, 1700, Itaperi, 60714-903, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Laboratory of Physiopharmacology Study of Gastrointestinal Tract, Federal University of Ceará, Coronel Nunes de Melo Street, 1315 Rodolfo Teófilo, 60416-030, Fortaleza-CE, Brazil. Electronic address: kairaemanuella@hotmail.com. 2. Department of Morphology, Federal University of Ceara, Coronel Nunes de Melo Street, 1315 Rodolfo Teófilo, 60416-030, Fortaleza-CE, Brazil. Electronic address: deysen_cmdm@hotmail.com. 3. Superior Institute of Biomedical Sciences, State University of Ceara, Av. Dr. Silas Munguba, 1700, Itaperi, 60714-903, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil. Electronic address: alanapires@hotmail.com. 4. Superior Institute of Biomedical Sciences, State University of Ceara, Av. Dr. Silas Munguba, 1700, Itaperi, 60714-903, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil. Electronic address: ana.assereuy@uece.br. 5. Department of Morphology, Federal University of Ceara, Coronel Nunes de Melo Street, 1315 Rodolfo Teófilo, 60416-030, Fortaleza-CE, Brazil. Electronic address: pedroalmir12@hotmail.com. 6. Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, Federal University of Ceara, Humberto Monte Street, S/N, Campus de PICI, 60440554, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil. Electronic address: arcelinapacheco@yahoo.com.br. 7. Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, Federal University of Ceara, Humberto Monte Street, S/N, Campus de PICI, 60440554, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil. Electronic address: naricard@ufc.br. 8. Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, L69 3BX, Liverpool, United Kingdom. Electronic address: criddle@liv.ac.uk. 9. Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Laboratory of Physiopharmacology Study of Gastrointestinal Tract, Federal University of Ceará, Coronel Nunes de Melo Street, 1315 Rodolfo Teófilo, 60416-030, Fortaleza-CE, Brazil. Electronic address: souzamar@ufc.br. 10. Superior Institute of Biomedical Sciences, State University of Ceara, Av. Dr. Silas Munguba, 1700, Itaperi, 60714-903, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil; Faculty of Education Science and Letters of the Hinterland, José de Queiroz Pessoa Street, 2554 - Planalto Universitário, 63.900-000, Quixadá, CE, Brazil. Electronic address: maria.pereira@uece.br. 11. Department of Morphology, Federal University of Ceara, Coronel Nunes de Melo Street, 1315 Rodolfo Teófilo, 60416-030, Fortaleza-CE, Brazil; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Laboratory of Physiopharmacology Study of Gastrointestinal Tract, Federal University of Ceará, Coronel Nunes de Melo Street, 1315 Rodolfo Teófilo, 60416-030, Fortaleza-CE, Brazil. Electronic address: pedrogsoares@yahoo.com.br.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: This study aimed to investigate and characterize the anti-inflammatory and anti-hypernociceptive effects of the total polysaccharides of X. americana (TPL-Xa) bark in a mouse model of acute pancreatitis-induced by caerulein and the potential involvement of cannabinoid receptors. METHODS: TPL-Xa was characterized by1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. Animals received TPL-Xa (10 mg/kg, i.v.) 30 min before and after caerulein (50 μg/kg, 10×, i.p.) administration. To evaluate the involvement of cannabinoid receptors, AM281 (3 mg/kg, s.c.) and AM630 (1 mg/kg, s.c.) were administered 30 min before TPL-Xa. Plasma levels of amylase and lipase, pancreatic myeloperoxidase (MPO), histology, visceral hypernociception and motor coordination were evaluated 11 and 24 h after acute pancreatitis (AP) induction. RESULTS: TPL-Xa, containing a heteropolysaccharide composed of glucose, galactose, arabinose, rhamnose, fucose and galacturonic acid, reduced amylase and lipase levels, MPO activity, acinar cell necrosis, edema and neutrophil infiltration. TPL-Xa increased the threshold of visceral hypernociception, an effect reversed by AM630, an antagonist of cannabinoid receptor type 2 (CB2). In addition, TPL-Xa did not alter the animals' motor coordination. CONCLUSIONS: TPL-Xa contains heteropolysaccharides that inhibit inflammation and hypernociception in the experimental model of caerulein-induced AP, by a mechanism involving type CB2 receptors.
BACKGROUND: This study aimed to investigate and characterize the anti-inflammatory and anti-hypernociceptive effects of the total polysaccharides of X. americana (TPL-Xa) bark in a mouse model of acute pancreatitis-induced by caerulein and the potential involvement of cannabinoid receptors. METHODS:TPL-Xa was characterized by1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. Animals received TPL-Xa (10 mg/kg, i.v.) 30 min before and after caerulein (50 μg/kg, 10×, i.p.) administration. To evaluate the involvement of cannabinoid receptors, AM281 (3 mg/kg, s.c.) and AM630 (1 mg/kg, s.c.) were administered 30 min before TPL-Xa. Plasma levels of amylase and lipase, pancreatic myeloperoxidase (MPO), histology, visceral hypernociception and motor coordination were evaluated 11 and 24 h after acute pancreatitis (AP) induction. RESULTS:TPL-Xa, containing a heteropolysaccharide composed of glucose, galactose, arabinose, rhamnose, fucose and galacturonic acid, reduced amylase and lipase levels, MPO activity, acinar cell necrosis, edema and neutrophil infiltration. TPL-Xa increased the threshold of visceral hypernociception, an effect reversed by AM630, an antagonist of cannabinoid receptor type 2 (CB2). In addition, TPL-Xa did not alter the animals' motor coordination. CONCLUSIONS:TPL-Xa contains heteropolysaccharides that inhibit inflammation and hypernociception in the experimental model of caerulein-induced AP, by a mechanism involving type CB2 receptors.