Daniele Grioni1, Andrea Landi2, Leonardo Fiori2, Erik Pietro Sganzerla2. 1. San Gerardo Hospital, University of Milan Bicocca, Child Neuropsychiatric Clinic, Via Pergolesi 33 Monza, MB, Italy. Electronic address: neuroped@asst-monza.it. 2. San Gerardo Hospital, University of Milan Bicocca, Neurosurgery Clinic, Italy.
Abstract
PURPOSE: Status Epilepticus can be a serious life threatening event in epileptic patients. The definition of refractory or super-refractory Status Epilepticus was based on the therapeutic response to anti-epileptic and anesthetic drugs. Vagal Nerve Stimulation showed efficacy in treating drug-resistant epilepsy but there are only few reports on emergentplacement of Vagal Nerve Stimulator for refractory or super-refractory Status Epilepticus. METHODS: Among 49 children implanted at our Institution with Vagal Nerve Stimulation for drug-resistant epilepsy, the authors retrospectively identified those implanted for refractory or super-refractory Status Epilepticus, according with the current definitions. RESULTS: 4 patients were operated upon at ages ranging 7 to 17 months and reached the programmed output current of 1 mA over a time ranging from 24 to 36 h (fast ramping-up). In 3 out of 4 patient we observed the abrupt of Status Epilepticus; one patient was refractory both to drugs and Vagal Nerve Stimulation and later died, without recovering from SE. At follow up, ranging from 24 to 45 months, the remaining 3 patients showed a decrease of the seizures frequency >80% without relapse of Status Epilepticus; in all the patients, output current and/or Duty Cycle were increased later. CONCLUSION: VNS can be effective in treating refractory or super-refractory Status Epilepticus.
PURPOSE:Status Epilepticus can be a serious life threatening event in epilepticpatients. The definition of refractory or super-refractory Status Epilepticus was based on the therapeutic response to anti-epileptic and anesthetic drugs. Vagal Nerve Stimulation showed efficacy in treating drug-resistant epilepsy but there are only few reports on emergentplacement of Vagal Nerve Stimulator for refractory or super-refractory Status Epilepticus. METHODS: Among 49 children implanted at our Institution with Vagal Nerve Stimulation for drug-resistant epilepsy, the authors retrospectively identified those implanted for refractory or super-refractory Status Epilepticus, according with the current definitions. RESULTS: 4 patients were operated upon at ages ranging 7 to 17 months and reached the programmed output current of 1 mA over a time ranging from 24 to 36 h (fast ramping-up). In 3 out of 4 patient we observed the abrupt of Status Epilepticus; one patient was refractory both to drugs and Vagal Nerve Stimulation and later died, without recovering from SE. At follow up, ranging from 24 to 45 months, the remaining 3 patients showed a decrease of the seizures frequency >80% without relapse of Status Epilepticus; in all the patients, output current and/or Duty Cycle were increased later. CONCLUSION: VNS can be effective in treating refractory or super-refractory Status Epilepticus.
Authors: Valentina Baro; Maria Vittoria Bonavina; Francesco Saettini; Giovanna D'Amico; Andrea Trezza; Luca Denaro; Daniele Grioni; Andrea Landi Journal: Children (Basel) Date: 2022-07-29