Literature DB >> 30116575

The crystal structure of bis-[(E)-4-bromo-2-({[2-(pyridin-2-yl)eth-yl]imino}-meth-yl)phenol]nickel(II) bis-[(E)-4-bromo-2-({[2-(pyridin-2-yl)eth-yl]imino}-meth-yl)phenolato]nickel(II) bis(perchlorate) methanol monosolvate, a structure containing strong inter-species hydrogen bonds.

Ugochukwu Okeke1, Raymond Otchere1, Yilma Gultneh1, Ray J Butcher1.   

Abstract

The title compound, [Ni(C14H12BrN2O)2][Ni(C14H13BrN2O)2](ClO4)2·CH3OH consists of two mononuclear ([Ni(HL)2]2+ and [NiL2]) complex mol-ecules linked by strong hydrogen bonding [O⋯O separations of only 2.430 (5) Å], which is the shortest reported to date for such species. In one of the complexes, both the coordinated phen-oxy groups retain their protons and thus this is the cationic equivalent species of the other complex where both coordinated phen-oxy groups are deprotonated. In addition, perchlorate anions are present for charge balance, as well as methanol solvate mol-ecules. For the neutral NiL2 complex, each 2-ethyl-amine-pyridine arm is disordered over two equivalent conformations with occupancies of 0.750 (8):0.250 (8). The perchlorate anion is disordered over two equivalent conformations with occupancies of 0.602 (8):0.398 (8). The perchlorate ions also link to the H atoms on the methanol methyl and hydroxyl groups. These inter-actions link the moieties into a complex three-dimensional array. The crystal studied was refined as a two-component twin.

Entities:  

Keywords:  Schiff bases; crystal structure; hydrogen bonding; nickel complexes

Year:  2018        PMID: 30116575      PMCID: PMC6072980          DOI: 10.1107/S2056989018010277

Source DB:  PubMed          Journal:  Acta Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun


Chemical context

Metal–Schiff base complexes have been of inter­est for a variety of reactions, in particular catalytic reactions (Egekenze et al., 2017a ▸,b ▸, 2018a ▸,b ▸). The metalloenzyme urease contains NiII at its active site. Ureases can be found in a variety of species and efficiently accelerate by several orders of magnitude the rate of hydrolysis of urea into CO2 and NH3 (Mobley, 2001 ▸). It has been of great inter­est to catalyze a variety of reactions to mimic the catalytic efficiency of metalloenzymes. The crystal structures of related NiII–Schiff base complexes have been reported (Ayikoé et al., 2011 ▸; Butcher et al., 2009 ▸; Elmali et al., 2000 ▸; Kobayashi et al., 2017 ▸; Kuchtanin et al., 2016 ▸; Okeke et al., 2017 ▸; Duran et al., 1989 ▸). Similar complexes have been studied in relation to catalytic redox reactions, catechol oxidase activity, and alkaline phosphatase reactivity (Özalp-Yaman et al., 2005 ▸; Sanyal et al., 2016 ▸; Bhardwaj & Singh, 2014 ▸). In view of this inter­est and in a continuation of our previous research listed above, the title NiII–Schiff base complex has been synthesized to be used as a catalyst for the hydrolysis of phosphate esters. While the vast majority of such Ni complexes are of the type [NiL 2] where HL is the neutral Schiff base, there are a few examples where, upon coordination, the Schiff base retains its protons (You & Chi, 2006 ▸; Layek et al., 2013 ▸; Ohta et al., 2001 ▸; You et al., 2004 ▸; Paital et al., 2007 ▸; Xua et al., 2015 ▸; Lucas et al., 2011 ▸; Dutta et al., 2010 ▸; Chakraborty et al., 2006 ▸; Mukherjee et al., 2007 ▸; Yamaguchi et al., 2008 ▸; Fondo et al., 2006 ▸; Zhang & Liang, 2017 ▸). The present structure is an unusual variant of this theme.

Structural commentary

The title compound crystallizes in the ortho­rhom­bic space group Pbcn and consists of a coordination cation [NiL 2]2+, a neutral compound [Ni(HL 2)] and perchlorate as anion to balance the charge. There is methanol in the lattice. Thus the stoichiometry is [Ni(HL)2]2+[NiL 2](ClO4 −)2·MeOH. The NiII atoms are coordinated by nitro­gen and oxygen donor groups from the two tridentate ligands, thus making the NiII atoms six-coordinate (see Figs. 1 ▸ and 2 ▸). For the neutral NiL 2, the 2-ethyl­amine­pyridine arm is disordered over two equivalent conformations with occupancies of 0.750 (8):0.250 (8). The per­chlor­ate anion is disordered over two equivalent conformations with occupancies of 0.602 (8):0.398 (8). As noted in the synthesis section, no base was used in the preparation of the title compound, hence the presence of protonated (i.e. neutral) ligand mol­ecules. There is precedent in the literature (You & Chi, 2006 ▸; Layek et al., 2013 ▸; Ohta et al., 2001 ▸; You et al., 2004 ▸; Paital et al., 2007 ▸; Xua et al., 2015 ▸; Lucas et al., 2011 ▸; Dutta et al., 2010 ▸; Chakraborty et al., 2006 ▸; Mukherjee et al., 2007 ▸; Yamaguchi et al., 2008 ▸; Fondo et al., 2006 ▸; Zhang & Liang, 2017 ▸) for nickel complexes with Schiff bases where the ligand is not deprotonated, although this is the only example where these are separated into independent metal complexes. A common motif of these examples is the presence of a strong inter­molecular hydrogen bond between these species with O⋯O separations ranging from 2.438 Å (Mukherjee et al., 2007 ▸) to 2.592 Å (Layek, et al., 2013 ▸). In the present case (Table 1 ▸, Fig. 3 ▸), this distance is 2.430 (5) Å, which is the shortest reported. The NiII atoms are coordinated to nitro­gen and oxygen donor groups from the two tridentate ligands, thus making the NiII atoms six-coordinate, with two perchlor­ate anions present for charge balance (see Fig. 1 ▸). While both Ni1 and Ni2 are six-coordinate, they are distorted from an octa­hedral geometry because of the chelate bite with cis angles ranging from 84.01 (16) to 93.07 (16)° for Ni1 and 84.10 (18) to 95.7 (6)° for Ni2. Surprisingly, the Ni—O bond lengths for Ni1 [2.070 (4) Å] are slightly shorter than for Ni2 [2.091 (4) Å], even though atom O1A is neutral and retains its proton while O1B is deprotonated and thus formally negatively charged. The Ni—Nimine and Ni—Npy bond lengths are 2.080 (4), 2.079 (5) Å and 2.095 (5), 2.128 (6) Å, respectively, with the bonds involving the imine group being shorter than those involving pyridine, as is expected based on the metrical parameters of similar complexes.
Figure 1

Diagram of the cation, {bis­[(E)-4-bromo-2-({[2-(pyridin-2-yl)eth­yl]imino}meth­yl)phenol]nickel(II)} showing the O—H phenol group coordinated to the nickel atom. Only the major component of the disordered group is shown. Atomic displacement parameters are at the 30% probability level. Unlabeled atoms are generated by the symmetry operation 1 − x, y,  − z.

Figure 2

Diagram of the neutral complex, {bis­[(E)-4-bromo-2-({[2-(pyridin-2-yl)eth­yl]imino}­meth­yl)phenolato]nickel(II)}. Atomic displacement parameters are at the 30% probability level. Unlabeled atoms are generated by the symmetry operation 1 − x, y,  − z.

Table 1

Hydrogen-bond geometry (Å, °)

D—H⋯A D—HH⋯A DA D—H⋯A
O1A—H1A⋯O1B 0.82 (2)1.64 (3)2.430 (5)161 (8)
C9A—H9AA⋯O1A i 0.972.403.105 (7)129
C9A—H9AB⋯O14ii 0.972.553.482 (12)162
C11A—H11A⋯O14A ii 0.932.603.406 (12)145
C9B—H9BB⋯Br1iii 0.973.123.859 (10)134
C14B—H14B⋯N1B i 0.932.543.155 (9)124
C9C—H9CA⋯O1B i 0.972.373.02 (3)124
O1S—H1S⋯O120.822.122.907 (15)162
O1S—H1S⋯O130.822.573.249 (15)140
O1S—H1S⋯O13A 0.821.642.436 (16)162
C1S—H1S3⋯O130.962.553.276 (19)133

Symmetry codes: (i) ; (ii) ; (iii) .

Figure 3

Diagram of both the cation and neutral complex linked by strong hydrogen bonding (shown as dashed lines). For the cation, only the major component of the disordered group is shown. Atomic displacement parameters are at the 30% probability level.

Supra­molecular features

The main point of inter­est in this structure is the presence of very strong inter-species hydrogen bonding between the phenol and phenolate moieties as mentioned above. In addition, the perchlorate anions link the complexes and methanol solvate mol­ecules through both C—H⋯O and O—H⋯O inter­actions (Table 1 ▸). These, along with C—H⋯Br inter­actions (Table 1 ▸), link all the species into a complex three-dimensional array as shown in Fig. 4 ▸.
Figure 4

Packing diagram viewed along the a axis showing the extensive O—H⋯O, C—H⋯O, C—H⋯N, and C—H⋯Br inter­actions linking the cation, neutral complex, anion, and solvent mol­ecules into a three-dimensional array. For the disordered moieties, only the major conformation is shown.

Database survey

A search of the Cambridge Structural Database (CSD Version 5.39 with November 2017 update; Groom et al., 2016 ▸) for similar Ni complexes of Schiff base ligands where the coord­inated O atoms are linked by O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds gave 15 hits (ADIKOO, You & Chi, 2006 ▸; HEWDUK, Layek et al., 2013 ▸; IDAVOY, Ohta et al., 2001 ▸; IWOVIZ, You et al., 2004 ▸; LERXIS, Zhang & Liang, 2017 ▸; MIHJOD, Paital et al., 2007 ▸; QUGZOJ, Xua et al., 2015 ▸; UBICIT, Lucas et al., 2011 ▸; UJUNIX, Dutta et al., 2010 ▸; VESMAI, Chakraborty et al., 2006 ▸; VIKMUY, Mukherjee et al., 2007 ▸; WIZFAN, Yamaguchi et al., 2008 ▸; YEQGIL, YEQHAE, YEQHEI, Fondo et al., 2006 ▸).

Synthesis and crystallization

2-(2-Pyrid­yl)ethyl­amine (0.1613 g, 1.320 mmol) was added to a reaction flask and dissolved in 50 ml of methanol. 5-Bromo­salicyl­aldehyde (0.2654 g, 1.320 mmol) was added to the solution. The mixture was refluxed for 5 h. The nickel(II) complex was prepared by reacting the ligand in 50 ml of methanol with Ni(ClO4)2·6H2O (0.7242 g, 1.980 mmol) with no added base. The mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight. The product was crystallized by slow diffusion in methanol for two weeks giving green crystals.

Refinement

Crystal data, data collection and structure refinement details are summarized in Table 2 ▸. For the neutral NiL2, each 2-ethyl­amine­pyridine arm is disordered over two equivalent conformation with occupancies of 0.750 (8):0.250 (8). The perchlorate anion is disordered over two equivalent conformations with occupancies of 0.602 (8):0.398 (8). In addition there is pseudo-merohedral twinning present with a twin law of 0 0 0 0 0 0 and BASF value of 0.0016 (3). The H atoms were positioned geometrically and allowed to ride on their parent atoms, with C—H ranging from 0.95 to 0.98 Å and U iso(H) = xU eq(C), where x = 1.5 for methyl H atoms and 1.2 for all other C-bound H atoms. The OH hydrogen atom was refined isotropically.
Table 2

Experimental details

Crystal data
Chemical formula[Ni(C14H12BrN2O)2][Ni(C14H13BrN2O)2](ClO4)2·CH4O
M r 1567.04
Crystal system, space groupOrthorhombic, P b c n
Temperature (K)296
a, b, c (Å)19.103 (5), 17.414 (4), 19.053 (5)
V3)6339 (3)
Z 4
Radiation typeMo Kα
μ (mm−1)3.27
Crystal size (mm)0.32 × 0.28 × 0.13
 
Data collection
DiffractometerBruker APEXII CCD
Absorption correctionMulti-scan (SADABS; Sheldrick, 1996)
T min, T max 0.433, 0.745
No. of measured, independent and observed [I > 2σ(I)] reflections6170, 6170, 3693
R int 0.088
(sin θ/λ)max−1)0.629
 
Refinement
R[F 2 > 2σ(F 2)], wR(F 2), S 0.061, 0.178, 1.02
No. of reflections6170
No. of parameters492
No. of restraints332
H-atom treatmentH atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement
Δρmax, Δρmin (e Å−3)0.90, −0.89

Computer programs: APEX3 and SAINT (Bruker, 2012 ▸), SHELXT2014/5 (Sheldrick, 2015a ▸), SHELXL2018/1 (Sheldrick, 2015b ▸) and SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008 ▸).

Crystal structure: contains datablock(s) I. DOI: 10.1107/S2056989018010277/lh5876sup1.cif Structure factors: contains datablock(s) I. DOI: 10.1107/S2056989018010277/lh5876Isup2.hkl CCDC reference: 1856226 Additional supporting information: crystallographic information; 3D view; checkCIF report
[Ni(C14H12BrN2O)2][Ni(C14H13BrN2O)2](ClO4)2·CH4ODx = 1.642 Mg m3
Mr = 1567.04Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å
Orthorhombic, PbcnCell parameters from 4627 reflections
a = 19.103 (5) Åθ = 2.4–26.3°
b = 17.414 (4) ŵ = 3.27 mm1
c = 19.053 (5) ÅT = 296 K
V = 6339 (3) Å3Prism, transparent light olive-green
Z = 40.32 × 0.28 × 0.13 mm
F(000) = 3144
Bruker APEXII CCD diffractometer3693 reflections with I > 2σ(I)
w scansRint = 0.088
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Sheldrick, 1996)θmax = 26.5°, θmin = 1.6°
Tmin = 0.433, Tmax = 0.745h = −16→23
6170 measured reflectionsk = −17→19
6170 independent reflectionsl = −22→23
Refinement on F2332 restraints
Least-squares matrix: fullHydrogen site location: mixed
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.061H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement
wR(F2) = 0.178w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.0767P)2 + 9.3718P] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3
S = 1.01(Δ/σ)max < 0.001
6170 reflectionsΔρmax = 0.90 e Å3
492 parametersΔρmin = −0.89 e Å3
Geometry. All esds (except the esd in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell esds are taken into account individually in the estimation of esds in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between esds in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell esds is used for estimating esds involving l.s. planes.
Refinement. Refined as a two-component twin.
xyzUiso*/UeqOcc. (<1)
Ni10.5000000.55970 (5)0.2500000.0426 (3)
Br10.87543 (3)0.64179 (5)0.18413 (5)0.0946 (3)
O1A0.57178 (18)0.6453 (2)0.2724 (2)0.0503 (9)
H1A0.567 (4)0.686 (3)0.294 (4)0.11 (3)*
N1A0.5439 (2)0.5639 (3)0.1502 (2)0.0466 (11)
N2A0.4284 (2)0.4763 (3)0.2165 (2)0.0502 (11)
C1A0.6398 (3)0.6417 (3)0.2536 (3)0.0478 (12)
C2A0.6928 (3)0.6663 (4)0.2984 (3)0.0607 (16)
H2AA0.6812860.6836940.3430270.073*
C3A0.7625 (3)0.6653 (4)0.2778 (4)0.0636 (17)
H3AA0.7971940.6823360.3082450.076*
C4A0.7794 (3)0.6394 (3)0.2132 (4)0.0608 (16)
C5A0.7296 (3)0.6124 (3)0.1678 (3)0.0581 (15)
H5AA0.7427340.5933140.1241610.070*
C6A0.6583 (2)0.6133 (3)0.1872 (3)0.0463 (13)
C7A0.6069 (3)0.5853 (3)0.1373 (3)0.0532 (14)
H7AA0.6212500.5825030.0907590.064*
C8A0.5050 (3)0.5342 (4)0.0888 (3)0.0662 (17)
H8AA0.5201050.4821120.0791840.079*
H8AB0.5162290.5653250.0480550.079*
C9A0.4255 (3)0.5347 (4)0.0998 (3)0.0635 (17)
H9AA0.4114650.5854510.1155350.076*
H9AB0.4027880.5252560.0551180.076*
C10A0.4001 (3)0.4772 (4)0.1514 (3)0.0562 (15)
C11A0.3483 (4)0.4241 (4)0.1335 (4)0.077 (2)
H11A0.3284280.4257460.0889790.093*
C12A0.3262 (4)0.3696 (5)0.1806 (5)0.088 (2)
H12A0.2918930.3341530.1684160.105*
C13A0.3560 (4)0.3686 (4)0.2461 (4)0.077 (2)
H13A0.3425410.3321360.2791380.092*
C14A0.4063 (3)0.4225 (4)0.2620 (3)0.0647 (17)
H14A0.4260670.4215690.3066020.078*
Ni20.5000000.85234 (6)0.2500000.0536 (3)
Br20.45642 (5)0.75407 (7)0.62684 (4)0.1140 (4)
O1B0.53437 (18)0.7680 (2)0.32016 (19)0.0532 (9)
N1B0.4042 (2)0.8375 (3)0.2999 (3)0.0628 (14)
C1B0.5161 (3)0.7651 (3)0.3887 (3)0.0532 (14)
C2B0.5638 (3)0.7434 (4)0.4396 (3)0.0689 (18)
H2BA0.6093030.7310750.4262500.083*
C3B0.5457 (4)0.7395 (4)0.5095 (4)0.0718 (18)
H3BA0.5787770.7254340.5429380.086*
C4B0.4787 (3)0.7565 (4)0.5292 (3)0.0694 (19)
C5B0.4306 (3)0.7773 (4)0.4815 (4)0.0682 (18)
H5BA0.3852140.7881220.4961660.082*
C6B0.4474 (3)0.7833 (3)0.4096 (3)0.0577 (15)
C7B0.3934 (3)0.8077 (4)0.3602 (4)0.0672 (18)
H7BA0.3471010.8009110.3737640.081*
C8B0.3418 (7)0.8540 (6)0.2606 (6)0.072 (3)0.750 (8)
H8BA0.3007650.8412640.2881910.087*0.750 (8)
H8BB0.3409190.8235690.2179580.087*0.750 (8)
C9B0.3412 (5)0.9387 (5)0.2424 (5)0.078 (2)0.750 (8)
H9BA0.2937080.9532520.2305150.094*0.750 (8)
H9BB0.3544640.9674330.2839730.094*0.750 (8)
N2B0.4574 (3)0.9393 (4)0.1842 (4)0.0778 (18)0.750 (8)
C10B0.3876 (3)0.9618 (4)0.1844 (4)0.081 (2)0.750 (8)
C11B0.3634 (3)1.0139 (4)0.1347 (5)0.094 (2)0.750 (8)
H11B0.3167341.0289970.1348620.113*0.750 (8)
C12B0.4091 (4)1.0436 (4)0.0848 (4)0.104 (3)0.750 (8)
H12B0.3930091.0784350.0515790.125*0.750 (8)
C13B0.4790 (4)1.0211 (5)0.0846 (4)0.104 (3)0.750 (8)
H13B0.5095291.0408830.0512220.125*0.750 (8)
C14B0.5031 (3)0.9689 (5)0.1343 (4)0.087 (2)0.750 (8)
H14B0.5497740.9538940.1341490.105*0.750 (8)
C8C0.340 (2)0.877 (3)0.2588 (15)0.075 (4)0.250 (8)
H8CA0.2980290.8488640.2709330.090*0.250 (8)
H8CB0.3351500.9285500.2762060.090*0.250 (8)
C9C0.3451 (12)0.8802 (13)0.1796 (12)0.078 (3)0.250 (8)
H9CA0.3562680.8292950.1621780.094*0.250 (8)
H9CB0.2993440.8938320.1612950.094*0.250 (8)
N2C0.4645 (9)0.9346 (14)0.1779 (12)0.082 (3)0.250 (8)
C10C0.3968 (8)0.9346 (12)0.1512 (12)0.086 (3)0.250 (8)
C11C0.3795 (10)0.9826 (13)0.0956 (13)0.094 (3)0.250 (8)
H11C0.3341600.9826120.0777820.112*0.250 (8)
C12C0.4299 (13)1.0306 (13)0.0666 (12)0.101 (3)0.250 (8)
H12C0.4183121.0627370.0293620.121*0.250 (8)
C13C0.4976 (12)1.0306 (15)0.0932 (15)0.099 (3)0.250 (8)
H13C0.5313731.0627580.0738170.119*0.250 (8)
C14C0.5150 (9)0.9826 (16)0.1489 (15)0.090 (3)0.250 (8)
H14C0.5602830.9826530.1666930.109*0.250 (8)
Cl10.73020 (12)0.41261 (15)0.04156 (12)0.1002 (7)
O110.7917 (4)0.4471 (5)0.0653 (5)0.145 (4)0.602 (8)
O120.7358 (6)0.3960 (6)−0.0303 (3)0.135 (4)0.602 (8)
O130.7219 (5)0.3417 (5)0.0779 (5)0.145 (4)0.602 (8)
O140.6721 (5)0.4583 (6)0.0544 (6)0.179 (5)0.602 (8)
O11A0.7786 (8)0.4212 (8)0.0960 (7)0.157 (6)0.398 (8)
O12A0.6654 (5)0.3894 (10)0.0683 (9)0.175 (6)0.398 (8)
O13A0.7546 (9)0.3604 (8)−0.0080 (7)0.156 (6)0.398 (8)
O14A0.7209 (8)0.4854 (5)0.0090 (7)0.133 (5)0.398 (8)
O1S0.7449 (6)0.2322 (7)−0.0582 (6)0.094 (3)0.5
H1S0.7393580.275191−0.0415270.141*0.5
C1S0.7385 (9)0.1792 (10)−0.0070 (8)0.098 (5)0.5
H1S10.7834390.1566170.0022820.146*0.5
H1S20.7064370.139927−0.0217270.146*0.5
H1S30.7212080.2032220.0348750.146*0.5
U11U22U33U12U13U23
Ni10.0392 (5)0.0488 (6)0.0399 (5)0.0000.0026 (4)0.000
Br10.0406 (3)0.1081 (7)0.1351 (7)−0.0032 (4)0.0209 (4)−0.0139 (5)
O1A0.0375 (18)0.055 (3)0.058 (2)−0.0020 (18)0.0072 (16)−0.018 (2)
N1A0.046 (2)0.054 (3)0.039 (2)0.001 (2)0.0004 (18)−0.002 (2)
N2A0.049 (2)0.049 (3)0.053 (3)−0.004 (2)0.003 (2)0.000 (2)
C1A0.038 (3)0.046 (3)0.060 (3)0.001 (2)0.003 (2)0.002 (3)
C2A0.048 (3)0.067 (4)0.067 (4)−0.002 (3)−0.003 (3)−0.016 (3)
C3A0.044 (3)0.058 (4)0.089 (5)0.000 (3)−0.006 (3)−0.017 (3)
C4A0.039 (3)0.052 (4)0.092 (5)0.002 (3)0.015 (3)−0.004 (3)
C5A0.044 (3)0.060 (4)0.071 (4)0.003 (3)0.018 (3)−0.004 (3)
C6A0.038 (3)0.051 (3)0.050 (3)0.003 (2)0.007 (2)0.000 (3)
C7A0.052 (3)0.064 (4)0.043 (3)0.003 (3)0.010 (2)−0.001 (3)
C8A0.059 (3)0.095 (5)0.044 (3)−0.010 (3)0.000 (3)−0.014 (3)
C9A0.050 (3)0.091 (5)0.050 (3)−0.004 (3)−0.009 (3)−0.013 (3)
C10A0.044 (3)0.062 (4)0.063 (4)0.003 (3)−0.003 (3)−0.006 (3)
C11A0.068 (4)0.084 (5)0.080 (5)−0.010 (4)−0.004 (4)−0.022 (4)
C12A0.074 (5)0.077 (6)0.113 (7)−0.017 (4)0.003 (4)−0.020 (5)
C13A0.070 (4)0.056 (4)0.104 (6)−0.013 (3)0.024 (4)−0.006 (4)
C14A0.059 (4)0.062 (4)0.073 (4)0.005 (3)0.012 (3)−0.003 (3)
Ni20.0385 (5)0.0453 (6)0.0770 (7)0.000−0.0050 (5)0.000
Br20.0980 (6)0.1772 (11)0.0669 (5)−0.0334 (6)0.0250 (4)0.0002 (5)
O1B0.051 (2)0.053 (2)0.055 (2)0.0138 (18)0.0065 (17)−0.0076 (18)
N1B0.039 (2)0.079 (4)0.070 (3)0.009 (2)−0.001 (2)−0.016 (3)
C1B0.054 (3)0.049 (4)0.057 (3)0.005 (3)0.005 (3)−0.008 (3)
C2B0.060 (4)0.082 (5)0.065 (4)0.018 (3)0.009 (3)−0.006 (3)
C3B0.072 (4)0.078 (5)0.066 (4)0.007 (4)0.003 (3)−0.007 (4)
C4B0.065 (4)0.082 (5)0.060 (4)−0.024 (4)0.011 (3)−0.010 (3)
C5B0.051 (3)0.077 (5)0.077 (4)−0.012 (3)0.019 (3)−0.018 (4)
C6B0.044 (3)0.056 (4)0.074 (4)−0.006 (3)0.010 (3)−0.016 (3)
C7B0.038 (3)0.076 (5)0.087 (5)0.002 (3)0.005 (3)−0.030 (4)
C8B0.048 (4)0.066 (6)0.103 (5)0.007 (5)−0.007 (4)−0.011 (4)
C9B0.058 (4)0.069 (5)0.108 (5)0.008 (4)−0.015 (4)−0.007 (4)
N2B0.070 (4)0.052 (4)0.111 (4)−0.006 (3)−0.028 (3)0.011 (3)
C10B0.071 (4)0.058 (4)0.114 (4)0.007 (3)−0.025 (4)0.008 (4)
C11B0.083 (5)0.071 (5)0.128 (5)0.015 (4)−0.026 (4)0.019 (4)
C12B0.098 (5)0.081 (5)0.133 (5)0.014 (4)−0.029 (4)0.028 (4)
C13B0.101 (5)0.080 (5)0.132 (5)−0.009 (4)−0.030 (5)0.028 (4)
C14B0.083 (4)0.062 (4)0.117 (5)−0.008 (4)−0.035 (4)0.023 (4)
C8C0.052 (6)0.067 (8)0.105 (6)0.010 (7)−0.013 (6)−0.009 (7)
C9C0.059 (5)0.066 (6)0.109 (5)0.010 (5)−0.017 (5)−0.002 (5)
N2C0.074 (5)0.057 (5)0.114 (5)−0.002 (5)−0.029 (5)0.012 (5)
C10C0.075 (5)0.064 (5)0.118 (5)0.006 (5)−0.023 (5)0.011 (5)
C11C0.084 (5)0.072 (5)0.126 (6)0.010 (5)−0.027 (5)0.018 (5)
C12C0.093 (6)0.078 (5)0.132 (6)0.009 (5)−0.028 (5)0.026 (5)
C13C0.095 (6)0.074 (5)0.128 (6)−0.003 (5)−0.033 (5)0.025 (5)
C14C0.087 (5)0.064 (5)0.120 (6)−0.007 (5)−0.031 (5)0.020 (5)
Cl10.0979 (15)0.1148 (19)0.0879 (14)0.0206 (14)−0.0121 (11)−0.0020 (13)
O110.159 (9)0.137 (9)0.141 (9)−0.016 (7)−0.045 (8)0.059 (7)
O120.181 (10)0.139 (10)0.085 (7)0.047 (8)0.013 (7)−0.004 (6)
O130.103 (7)0.175 (10)0.158 (8)−0.006 (7)−0.017 (7)0.044 (8)
O140.167 (10)0.213 (12)0.157 (10)0.109 (10)−0.025 (8)−0.031 (10)
O11A0.169 (11)0.147 (12)0.154 (12)−0.003 (10)−0.093 (10)0.062 (10)
O12A0.156 (12)0.200 (15)0.168 (12)0.000 (12)0.051 (11)0.028 (13)
O13A0.175 (12)0.157 (13)0.137 (12)0.063 (11)0.015 (11)−0.008 (11)
O14A0.141 (10)0.149 (10)0.108 (9)0.035 (9)−0.020 (8)0.034 (9)
O1S0.091 (7)0.098 (8)0.093 (7)0.033 (7)0.005 (6)−0.012 (7)
C1S0.120 (11)0.089 (10)0.084 (9)0.068 (9)0.015 (8)0.019 (8)
Ni1—O1A2.070 (4)C2B—H2BA0.9300
Ni1—O1Ai2.070 (4)C3B—C4B1.367 (9)
Ni1—N1A2.080 (4)C3B—H3BA0.9300
Ni1—N1Ai2.080 (4)C4B—C5B1.342 (9)
Ni1—N2A2.095 (5)C5B—C6B1.411 (9)
Ni1—N2Ai2.095 (5)C5B—H5BA0.9300
Br1—C4A1.917 (5)C6B—C7B1.459 (9)
O1A—C1A1.349 (6)C7B—H7BA0.9300
O1A—H1A0.82 (2)C8B—C9B1.514 (14)
N1A—C7A1.283 (6)C8B—H8BA0.9700
N1A—C8A1.480 (7)C8B—H8BB0.9700
N2A—C14A1.344 (7)C9B—C10B1.472 (11)
N2A—C10A1.353 (7)C9B—H9BA0.9700
C1A—C2A1.391 (8)C9B—H9BB0.9700
C1A—C6A1.404 (7)N2B—C10B1.3900
C2A—C3A1.387 (8)N2B—C14B1.3900
C2A—H2AA0.9300C10B—C11B1.3900
C3A—C4A1.350 (9)C11B—C12B1.3900
C3A—H3AA0.9300C11B—H11B0.9300
C4A—C5A1.370 (9)C12B—C13B1.3900
C5A—C6A1.411 (7)C12B—H12B0.9300
C5A—H5AA0.9300C13B—C14B1.3900
C6A—C7A1.451 (7)C13B—H13B0.9300
C7A—H7AA0.9300C14B—H14B0.9300
C8A—C9A1.534 (8)C8C—C9C1.513 (15)
C8A—H8AA0.9700C8C—H8CA0.9700
C8A—H8AB0.9700C8C—H8CB0.9700
C9A—C10A1.485 (9)C9C—C10C1.472 (11)
C9A—H9AA0.9700C9C—H9CA0.9700
C9A—H9AB0.9700C9C—H9CB0.9700
C10A—C11A1.396 (9)N2C—C10C1.3900
C11A—C12A1.373 (10)N2C—C14C1.3900
C11A—H11A0.9300C10C—C11C1.3900
C12A—C13A1.371 (11)C11C—C12C1.3900
C12A—H12A0.9300C11C—H11C0.9300
C13A—C14A1.377 (9)C12C—C13C1.3900
C13A—H13A0.9300C12C—H12C0.9300
C14A—H14A0.9300C13C—C14C1.3900
Ni2—N1B2.079 (5)C13C—H13C0.9300
Ni2—N1Bi2.079 (5)C14C—H14C0.9300
Ni2—O1Bi2.091 (4)Cl1—O141.387 (6)
Ni2—O1B2.091 (4)Cl1—O13A1.391 (6)
Ni2—N2C2.098 (18)Cl1—O111.396 (6)
Ni2—N2Ci2.098 (18)Cl1—O11A1.397 (6)
Ni2—N2Bi2.128 (6)Cl1—O12A1.399 (6)
Ni2—N2B2.128 (6)Cl1—O121.403 (6)
Br2—C4B1.909 (6)Cl1—O14A1.422 (6)
O1B—C1B1.353 (7)Cl1—O131.424 (6)
N1B—C7B1.277 (8)O1S—C1S1.349 (17)
N1B—C8B1.436 (14)O1S—H1S0.8200
N1B—C8C1.60 (5)C1S—H1S10.9600
C1B—C2B1.383 (9)C1S—H1S20.9600
C1B—C6B1.409 (8)C1S—H1S30.9600
C2B—C3B1.378 (9)
O1A—Ni1—O1Ai87.8 (2)C8C—N1B—Ni2113.2 (10)
O1A—Ni1—N1A84.01 (16)O1B—C1B—C2B121.2 (5)
O1Ai—Ni1—N1A93.07 (16)O1B—C1B—C6B120.2 (5)
O1A—Ni1—N1Ai93.07 (16)C2B—C1B—C6B118.6 (6)
O1Ai—Ni1—N1Ai84.01 (16)C3B—C2B—C1B121.7 (6)
N1A—Ni1—N1Ai176.0 (2)C3B—C2B—H2BA119.2
O1A—Ni1—N2A174.13 (17)C1B—C2B—H2BA119.2
O1Ai—Ni1—N2A90.23 (17)C4B—C3B—C2B119.3 (7)
N1A—Ni1—N2A90.56 (17)C4B—C3B—H3BA120.3
N1Ai—Ni1—N2A92.25 (17)C2B—C3B—H3BA120.3
O1A—Ni1—N2Ai90.23 (17)C5B—C4B—C3B120.9 (6)
O1Ai—Ni1—N2Ai174.13 (17)C5B—C4B—Br2120.9 (5)
N1A—Ni1—N2Ai92.25 (17)C3B—C4B—Br2118.1 (5)
N1Ai—Ni1—N2Ai90.56 (17)C4B—C5B—C6B121.5 (6)
N2A—Ni1—N2Ai92.2 (3)C4B—C5B—H5BA119.3
C1A—O1A—Ni1123.4 (3)C6B—C5B—H5BA119.3
C1A—O1A—H1A107 (6)C1B—C6B—C5B118.0 (6)
Ni1—O1A—H1A130 (6)C1B—C6B—C7B122.8 (6)
C7A—N1A—C8A115.0 (4)C5B—C6B—C7B119.2 (5)
C7A—N1A—Ni1124.3 (4)N1B—C7B—C6B125.8 (5)
C8A—N1A—Ni1120.5 (3)N1B—C7B—H7BA117.1
C14A—N2A—C10A118.3 (5)C6B—C7B—H7BA117.1
C14A—N2A—Ni1119.5 (4)N1B—C8B—C9B108.6 (9)
C10A—N2A—Ni1122.1 (4)N1B—C8B—H8BA110.0
O1A—C1A—C2A121.6 (5)C9B—C8B—H8BA110.0
O1A—C1A—C6A119.9 (5)N1B—C8B—H8BB110.0
C2A—C1A—C6A118.5 (5)C9B—C8B—H8BB110.0
C3A—C2A—C1A121.4 (6)H8BA—C8B—H8BB108.3
C3A—C2A—H2AA119.3C10B—C9B—C8B115.7 (8)
C1A—C2A—H2AA119.3C10B—C9B—H9BA108.4
C4A—C3A—C2A119.4 (6)C8B—C9B—H9BA108.4
C4A—C3A—H3AA120.3C10B—C9B—H9BB108.4
C2A—C3A—H3AA120.3C8B—C9B—H9BB108.4
C3A—C4A—C5A121.6 (5)H9BA—C9B—H9BB107.4
C3A—C4A—Br1119.1 (5)C10B—N2B—C14B120.0
C5A—C4A—Br1119.3 (5)C10B—N2B—Ni2124.5 (3)
C4A—C5A—C6A120.1 (5)C14B—N2B—Ni2115.3 (3)
C4A—C5A—H5AA120.0C11B—C10B—N2B120.0
C6A—C5A—H5AA120.0C11B—C10B—C9B119.4 (5)
C1A—C6A—C5A118.9 (5)N2B—C10B—C9B120.1 (5)
C1A—C6A—C7A122.6 (4)C10B—C11B—C12B120.0
C5A—C6A—C7A118.5 (5)C10B—C11B—H11B120.0
N1A—C7A—C6A127.4 (5)C12B—C11B—H11B120.0
N1A—C7A—H7AA116.3C13B—C12B—C11B120.0
C6A—C7A—H7AA116.3C13B—C12B—H12B120.0
N1A—C8A—C9A112.8 (5)C11B—C12B—H12B120.0
N1A—C8A—H8AA109.0C12B—C13B—C14B120.0
C9A—C8A—H8AA109.0C12B—C13B—H13B120.0
N1A—C8A—H8AB109.0C14B—C13B—H13B120.0
C9A—C8A—H8AB109.0C13B—C14B—N2B120.0
H8AA—C8A—H8AB107.8C13B—C14B—H14B120.0
C10A—C9A—C8A114.2 (5)N2B—C14B—H14B120.0
C10A—C9A—H9AA108.7C9C—C8C—N1B117 (3)
C8A—C9A—H9AA108.7C9C—C8C—H8CA107.9
C10A—C9A—H9AB108.7N1B—C8C—H8CA107.9
C8A—C9A—H9AB108.7C9C—C8C—H8CB107.9
H9AA—C9A—H9AB107.6N1B—C8C—H8CB107.9
N2A—C10A—C11A120.0 (6)H8CA—C8C—H8CB107.2
N2A—C10A—C9A119.0 (5)C10C—C9C—C8C115.6 (11)
C11A—C10A—C9A121.1 (6)C10C—C9C—H9CA108.4
C12A—C11A—C10A121.0 (7)C8C—C9C—H9CA108.4
C12A—C11A—H11A119.5C10C—C9C—H9CB108.4
C10A—C11A—H11A119.5C8C—C9C—H9CB108.4
C13A—C12A—C11A118.4 (7)H9CA—C9C—H9CB107.4
C13A—C12A—H12A120.8C10C—N2C—C14C120.0
C11A—C12A—H12A120.8C10C—N2C—Ni2122.7 (9)
C12A—C13A—C14A118.8 (7)C14C—N2C—Ni2116.6 (9)
C12A—C13A—H13A120.6C11C—C10C—N2C120.0
C14A—C13A—H13A120.6C11C—C10C—C9C120.5 (7)
N2A—C14A—C13A123.5 (7)N2C—C10C—C9C119.4 (7)
N2A—C14A—H14A118.2C10C—C11C—C12C120.0
C13A—C14A—H14A118.2C10C—C11C—H11C120.0
N1B—Ni2—N1Bi165.8 (3)C12C—C11C—H11C120.0
N1B—Ni2—O1Bi85.91 (17)C13C—C12C—C11C120.0
N1Bi—Ni2—O1Bi84.10 (18)C13C—C12C—H12C120.0
N1B—Ni2—O1B84.10 (18)C11C—C12C—H12C120.0
N1Bi—Ni2—O1B85.91 (17)C12C—C13C—C14C120.0
O1Bi—Ni2—O1B90.8 (2)C12C—C13C—H13C120.0
N1B—Ni2—N2C95.7 (6)C14C—C13C—H13C120.0
N1Bi—Ni2—N2C94.0 (6)C13C—C14C—N2C120.0
O1Bi—Ni2—N2C87.7 (7)C13C—C14C—H14C120.0
O1B—Ni2—N2C178.5 (7)N2C—C14C—H14C120.0
N1B—Ni2—N2Ci94.0 (6)O14—Cl1—O11111.7 (4)
N1Bi—Ni2—N2Ci95.7 (6)O13A—Cl1—O11A110.6 (4)
O1Bi—Ni2—N2Ci178.5 (7)O13A—Cl1—O12A110.8 (4)
O1B—Ni2—N2Ci87.7 (7)O11A—Cl1—O12A110.2 (4)
N2C—Ni2—N2Ci93.8 (14)O14—Cl1—O12110.6 (4)
N1B—Ni2—N2Bi99.0 (2)O11—Cl1—O12109.9 (4)
N1Bi—Ni2—N2Bi91.2 (2)O13A—Cl1—O14A109.1 (4)
O1Bi—Ni2—N2Bi175.1 (2)O11A—Cl1—O14A108.1 (4)
O1B—Ni2—N2Bi90.2 (2)O12A—Cl1—O14A107.8 (4)
N1B—Ni2—N2B91.2 (2)O14—Cl1—O13108.8 (4)
N1Bi—Ni2—N2B99.0 (2)O11—Cl1—O13108.0 (4)
O1Bi—Ni2—N2B90.2 (2)O12—Cl1—O13107.7 (4)
O1B—Ni2—N2B175.1 (2)C1S—O1S—H1S109.5
N2Bi—Ni2—N2B89.3 (4)O1S—C1S—H1S1109.5
C1B—O1B—Ni2124.3 (3)O1S—C1S—H1S2109.5
C7B—N1B—C8B114.7 (6)H1S1—C1S—H1S2109.5
C7B—N1B—C8C119.4 (10)O1S—C1S—H1S3109.5
C7B—N1B—Ni2127.1 (4)H1S1—C1S—H1S3109.5
C8B—N1B—Ni2117.9 (6)H1S2—C1S—H1S3109.5
Ni1—O1A—C1A—C2A−139.6 (5)O1B—C1B—C6B—C5B178.3 (5)
Ni1—O1A—C1A—C6A41.1 (7)C2B—C1B—C6B—C5B−0.8 (9)
O1A—C1A—C2A—C3A−177.4 (6)O1B—C1B—C6B—C7B−1.6 (9)
C6A—C1A—C2A—C3A2.0 (9)C2B—C1B—C6B—C7B179.3 (6)
C1A—C2A—C3A—C4A−0.6 (10)C4B—C5B—C6B—C1B1.3 (9)
C2A—C3A—C4A—C5A−1.5 (10)C4B—C5B—C6B—C7B−178.8 (6)
C2A—C3A—C4A—Br1177.8 (5)C8B—N1B—C7B—C6B178.0 (8)
C3A—C4A—C5A—C6A2.1 (10)C8C—N1B—C7B—C6B−168 (2)
Br1—C4A—C5A—C6A−177.2 (4)Ni2—N1B—C7B—C6B5.5 (10)
O1A—C1A—C6A—C5A178.0 (5)C1B—C6B—C7B—N1B−22.5 (10)
C2A—C1A—C6A—C5A−1.4 (8)C5B—C6B—C7B—N1B157.6 (6)
O1A—C1A—C6A—C7A−1.6 (8)C7B—N1B—C8B—C9B122.8 (8)
C2A—C1A—C6A—C7A179.0 (6)Ni2—N1B—C8B—C9B−63.9 (10)
C4A—C5A—C6A—C1A−0.6 (9)N1B—C8B—C9B—C10B77.1 (10)
C4A—C5A—C6A—C7A179.1 (6)C14B—N2B—C10B—C11B0.0
C8A—N1A—C7A—C6A−177.0 (6)Ni2—N2B—C10B—C11B−173.8 (6)
Ni1—N1A—C7A—C6A−2.9 (9)C14B—N2B—C10B—C9B−172.0 (8)
C1A—C6A—C7A—N1A−19.0 (9)Ni2—N2B—C10B—C9B14.3 (8)
C5A—C6A—C7A—N1A161.4 (6)C8B—C9B—C10B—C11B137.7 (8)
C7A—N1A—C8A—C9A−160.9 (6)C8B—C9B—C10B—N2B−50.3 (11)
Ni1—N1A—C8A—C9A24.7 (7)N2B—C10B—C11B—C12B0.0
N1A—C8A—C9A—C10A−70.4 (7)C9B—C10B—C11B—C12B172.0 (8)
C14A—N2A—C10A—C11A1.4 (8)C10B—C11B—C12B—C13B0.0
Ni1—N2A—C10A—C11A−174.7 (5)C11B—C12B—C13B—C14B0.0
C14A—N2A—C10A—C9A−178.1 (5)C12B—C13B—C14B—N2B0.0
Ni1—N2A—C10A—C9A5.7 (7)C10B—N2B—C14B—C13B0.0
C8A—C9A—C10A—N2A54.1 (7)Ni2—N2B—C14B—C13B174.3 (5)
C8A—C9A—C10A—C11A−125.5 (6)C7B—N1B—C8C—C9C−154.4 (15)
N2A—C10A—C11A—C12A−1.3 (10)Ni2—N1B—C8C—C9C32 (3)
C9A—C10A—C11A—C12A178.2 (6)N1B—C8C—C9C—C10C−71 (3)
C10A—C11A—C12A—C13A0.4 (11)C14C—N2C—C10C—C11C0.0
C11A—C12A—C13A—C14A0.5 (11)Ni2—N2C—C10C—C11C−169.7 (19)
C10A—N2A—C14A—C13A−0.6 (9)C14C—N2C—C10C—C9C176 (2)
Ni1—N2A—C14A—C13A175.6 (5)Ni2—N2C—C10C—C9C7 (3)
C12A—C13A—C14A—N2A−0.4 (10)C8C—C9C—C10C—C11C−135 (3)
Ni2—O1B—C1B—C2B−141.8 (5)C8C—C9C—C10C—N2C48 (4)
Ni2—O1B—C1B—C6B39.1 (7)N2C—C10C—C11C—C12C0.0
O1B—C1B—C2B—C3B−179.4 (6)C9C—C10C—C11C—C12C−176 (2)
C6B—C1B—C2B—C3B−0.2 (10)C10C—C11C—C12C—C13C0.0
C1B—C2B—C3B—C4B0.9 (11)C11C—C12C—C13C—C14C0.0
C2B—C3B—C4B—C5B−0.5 (11)C12C—C13C—C14C—N2C0.0
C2B—C3B—C4B—Br2−177.7 (5)C10C—N2C—C14C—C13C0.0
C3B—C4B—C5B—C6B−0.6 (10)Ni2—N2C—C14C—C13C170.3 (18)
Br2—C4B—C5B—C6B176.6 (5)
D—H···AD—HH···AD···AD—H···A
O1A—H1A···O1B0.82 (2)1.64 (3)2.430 (5)161 (8)
C7A—H7AA···O140.932.472.990 (9)115
C9A—H9AA···O1Ai0.972.403.105 (7)129
C9A—H9AB···O14ii0.972.553.482 (12)162
C11A—H11A···O14Aii0.932.603.406 (12)145
C14A—H14A···N1Ai0.932.673.126 (8)111
C7B—H7BA···O11Aiii0.932.543.069 (14)117
C9B—H9BB···Br1iii0.973.123.859 (10)134
C14B—H14B···N1Bi0.932.543.155 (9)124
C9C—H9CA···O1Bi0.972.373.02 (3)124
C13C—H13C···Br1iv0.933.083.55 (2)114
C14C—H14C···Br1iv0.933.053.54 (2)115
O1S—H1S···O120.822.122.907 (15)162
O1S—H1S···O130.822.573.249 (15)140
O1S—H1S···O13A0.821.642.436 (16)162
C1S—H1S3···O130.962.553.276 (19)133
  11 in total

1.  [N,N'-Bis(5-bromosalicylidene)-1,3-diaminopropane]nickel(II) and [N, N'-bis(5-chlorosalicylidene)-1,3-diaminopropane]copper(II).

Authors:  A Elmali; C T Zeyrek; Y Elerman; I Svoboda
Journal:  Acta Crystallogr C       Date:  2000-11       Impact factor: 1.172

2.  Structure, stereochemistry, and physico-chemical properties of trinuclear and dinuclear metal(II) complexes of a phenol-based tetrapodal Schiff base ligand.

Authors:  Supriya Dutta; Papu Biswas; Ulrich Flörke; Kamalaksha Nag
Journal:  Inorg Chem       Date:  2010-08-16       Impact factor: 5.165

3.  Bis[2-(benzyl-amino)pyridine-κN](2-formyl-6-methoxy-phenolato-κO,O)(nitrato-κO,O')nickel(II).

Authors:  Ray J Butcher; Yilma Gultneh; Kouassi Ayikoé
Journal:  Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online       Date:  2009-09-09

4.  New [LNiII2]+ complexes incorporating 2-formyl or 2,6-diformyl-4-methyl phenol as inhibitors of the hydrolysis of the ligand L3-: Ni...Ni ferromagnetic coupling and S=2 ground states.

Authors:  Alok Ranjan Paital; Wing Tak Wong; Guillem Aromí; Debashis Ray
Journal:  Inorg Chem       Date:  2007-06-15       Impact factor: 5.165

5.  Mononuclear nickel(II) and zinc(II) complexes with deprotonated forms of the tripodal hexadentate ligand 1,3-bis(2-hydroxybenzylidene)-2-(2-hydroxybenzylideneaminomethyl)-2-methylpropane-1,3-diamine.

Authors:  Tomoka Yamaguchi; Yukinari Sunatsuki; Hiroyuki Ishida
Journal:  Acta Crystallogr C       Date:  2008-03-08       Impact factor: 1.172

6.  Comparative DNA binding abilities and phosphatase-like activities of mono-, di-, and trinuclear Ni(II) complexes: the influence of ligand denticity, metal-metal distance, and coordinating solvent/anion on kinetics studies.

Authors:  Vimal K Bhardwaj; Ajnesh Singh
Journal:  Inorg Chem       Date:  2014-09-16       Impact factor: 5.165

7.  Bis{2-[(2-hy-droxy-2-methyl-prop-yl)imino-meth-yl]-4-nitro-phenolato}nickel(II) dimethyl-formamide monosolvate.

Authors:  Kouassi Ayikoé; Yilma Gultneh; Ray J Butcher
Journal:  Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online       Date:  2011-08-06

8.  SHELXT - integrated space-group and crystal-structure determination.

Authors:  George M Sheldrick
Journal:  Acta Crystallogr A Found Adv       Date:  2015-01-01       Impact factor: 2.290

9.  Crystal structure refinement with SHELXL.

Authors:  George M Sheldrick
Journal:  Acta Crystallogr C Struct Chem       Date:  2015-01-01       Impact factor: 1.172

10.  The Cambridge Structural Database.

Authors:  Colin R Groom; Ian J Bruno; Matthew P Lightfoot; Suzanna C Ward
Journal:  Acta Crystallogr B Struct Sci Cryst Eng Mater       Date:  2016-04-01
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