B Armstrong1, S Buckingham-Howes2, M M Black1,3. 1. Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland Baltimore School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. 2. Department of Neurology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. 3. RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Low inhibitory control is linked with weight gain among youth. Inhibitory problems are associated with disruption to the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis cortisol response. Increased cortisol predicts appetite and weight gain (though may be gender specific). This study hypothesized that cortisol reactivity explains the association between inhibition and weight gain while considering the moderating factors of early stressors to the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (e.g. prenatal-drug exposure) and gender. METHODS: Adolescents with prenatal-drug exposure (n = 76) and non-exposed comparison adolescents (NE; n = 61) completed the Conner's Continuous Performance Test and provided salivary cortisol samples. BMI z-score were measured at the initial and 12-month follow-up evaluations. A bootstrapped moderated mediation analysis was conducted to test for conditional indirect effects of cortisol reactivity. RESULTS: Lower inhibition was associated with increased cortisol reactivity among youth who were NE, and increased cortisol reactivity was associated with weight gain among girls. Cortisol reactivity mediated the relation between inhibition and BMI z-score change for the girls in the group who was NE. CONCLUSION: Increased cortisol reactivity may play a mechanistic role in predicting weight gain among non-prenatally drug-exposed girls. Cortisol reactivity may be a biomarker for targeted interventions to improve biological regulation and ultimately health risk among girls.
OBJECTIVE: Low inhibitory control is linked with weight gain among youth. Inhibitory problems are associated with disruption to the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axiscortisol response. Increased cortisol predicts appetite and weight gain (though may be gender specific). This study hypothesized that cortisol reactivity explains the association between inhibition and weight gain while considering the moderating factors of early stressors to the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (e.g. prenatal-drug exposure) and gender. METHODS: Adolescents with prenatal-drug exposure (n = 76) and non-exposed comparison adolescents (NE; n = 61) completed the Conner's Continuous Performance Test and provided salivary cortisol samples. BMI z-score were measured at the initial and 12-month follow-up evaluations. A bootstrapped moderated mediation analysis was conducted to test for conditional indirect effects of cortisol reactivity. RESULTS: Lower inhibition was associated with increased cortisol reactivity among youth who were NE, and increased cortisol reactivity was associated with weight gain among girls. Cortisol reactivity mediated the relation between inhibition and BMI z-score change for the girls in the group who was NE. CONCLUSION: Increased cortisol reactivity may play a mechanistic role in predicting weight gain among non-prenatally drug-exposed girls. Cortisol reactivity may be a biomarker for targeted interventions to improve biological regulation and ultimately health risk among girls.
Authors: C W Lejuez; Will Aklin; Stacey Daughters; Michael Zvolensky; Christopher Kahler; Marya Gwadz Journal: J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol Date: 2007-03
Authors: Cynthia L Ogden; Margaret D Carroll; Hannah G Lawman; Cheryl D Fryar; Deanna Kruszon-Moran; Brian K Kit; Katherine M Flegal Journal: JAMA Date: 2016-06-07 Impact factor: 56.272
Authors: Ariana M Chao; James Loughead; Zayna M Bakizada; Christina M Hopkins; Allan Geliebter; Ruben C Gur; Thomas A Wadden Journal: Obes Rev Date: 2017-03-30 Impact factor: 9.213
Authors: Stacy Buckingham-Howes; Samantha P Bento; Laura A Scaletti; James I Koenig; Douglas A Granger; Maureen M Black Journal: Dev Neurosci Date: 2014-05-08 Impact factor: 2.984