Platinum-based concurrent chemotherapy remains the optimal regimen for nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a large institutional-based cohort study from an endemic area.

PURPOSE: To retrospectively investigate the optimal regimen of concurrent chemotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) by comparing clinical outcomes of patients who received platinum-based and non-platinum-based concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) regimens.
METHODS: Based on a prospectively maintained database from 1998 to 2013 in an endemic area, a total of 4608 newly diagnosed, biopsy-proven, and non-disseminated NPC patients were identified and allocated into three cohorts based on concurrent chemotherapy regimens: cisplatin-based (CP) chemotherapy cohort, other platinum-based (OP) chemotherapy cohort, and non-platinum-based (NP) chemotherapy cohort. Overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were estimated using the Cox proportional hazards model and propensity score analysis of treatment using an inverse probability weighting model (PSA/IPTW). Finally, sensitivity analysis estimated the effects of potential unmeasured confounders.
RESULTS: The median follow-up time was 68.5 months (range 2-194 months). The multivariate Cox model showed that NP regimens were significantly related with worse survival compared with CP or OP regimens (OS: HR 1.51, 95% CI 1.16-2.00, P = 0.002; HR 1.68, 95% CI 1.24-2.27, P = 0.001; DFS: HR 1.31, 95% CI 1.03-1.66, P = 0.031; HR 1.50, 95% CI 1.14-1.97, P = 0.004, respectively). Meanwhile, no significant survival difference was found between OP and CP regimens. The PSA/IPTW method, CCRT-specific and III-IVB NPC cohort subgroup analysis showed similar results. Sensitivity analysis confirmed the robustness of our results.
CONCLUSIONS: Platinum-based concurrent chemotherapy, including both CP and OP regimens, yields better survival benefits for non-metastatic NPC patients than the NP regimen and remains the optimal regimen for these patients.