Wenjia Liu1, Rui Zhang2, Anran Tan1, Bo Ye1, Xinge Zhang1, Yueqiao Wang1, Yuliang Zou1, Lu Ma1, Guoxun Chen3, Rui Li1, Justin B Moore4,5,6. 1. Department of Healthcare Management, School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, 115 Donghu Road, Wuhan, China. 2. College of Life Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China. 3. Department of Nutrition, the University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA. 4. Department of Family & Community Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, USA. 5. Department of Epidemiology & Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA. 6. Department of Implementation Science, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The connections between long sleep duration and obesity or weight gain warrant further examination. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate whether long sleep duration was associated with the risk of obesity, weight gain, body mass index (BMI) change or weight change in adults. METHODS: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Elsevier Science Direct, Science Online, MEDLINE and CINAHL were searched for English articles published before May 2017. A total of 16 cohort studies (n = 329 888 participants) from 8 countries were included in the analysis. Pooled relative risks (RR) or regression coefficients (β) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated. Heterogeneity and publication bias were tested, and sensitivity analysis was also performed. RESULTS: We found that long sleep duration was associated with higher risk of obesity (RR [95% CI] = 1.04 [1.00-1.09], P = 0.037), but had no significant associations with weight gain, BMI change or weight change. Long sleep duration increased the risk of weight gain in three situations: among men, in studies with <5 years follow-up, and when sleep duration was 9 or more hours. CONCLUSIONS: Long sleep duration was associated with risk of obesity in adults. More cohort studies with objective measures are needed to confirm this relationship.
BACKGROUND: The connections between long sleep duration and obesity or weight gain warrant further examination. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate whether long sleep duration was associated with the risk of obesity, weight gain, body mass index (BMI) change or weight change in adults. METHODS: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Elsevier Science Direct, Science Online, MEDLINE and CINAHL were searched for English articles published before May 2017. A total of 16 cohort studies (n = 329 888 participants) from 8 countries were included in the analysis. Pooled relative risks (RR) or regression coefficients (β) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated. Heterogeneity and publication bias were tested, and sensitivity analysis was also performed. RESULTS: We found that long sleep duration was associated with higher risk of obesity (RR [95% CI] = 1.04 [1.00-1.09], P = 0.037), but had no significant associations with weight gain, BMI change or weight change. Long sleep duration increased the risk of weight gain in three situations: among men, in studies with <5 years follow-up, and when sleep duration was 9 or more hours. CONCLUSIONS: Long sleep duration was associated with risk of obesity in adults. More cohort studies with objective measures are needed to confirm this relationship.