Andreas Palm1, Bengt Midgren2, Jenny Theorell-Haglöw3, Magnus Ekström2, Mirjam Ljunggren3, Christer Janson3, Eva Lindberg3. 1. Department of Medical Sciences, Respiratory, Allergy and Sleep Research, Uppsala University, Box 256, SE-751 05 Uppsala, Sweden; Centre for Research and Development, Uppsala University, County Council of Gävleborg, Gävle Hospital, SE-80188 Gävle, Sweden. Electronic address: andreas.palm@medsci.uu.se. 2. Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Respiratory Medicine & Allergology, Lund University, Box 188, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden. 3. Department of Medical Sciences, Respiratory, Allergy and Sleep Research, Uppsala University, Box 256, SE-751 05 Uppsala, Sweden.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Adherence to continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is crucial. Our aim was to identify protective and risk factors against the discontinuation of CPAP treatment in patients with OSA and to estimate the mortality risk in those who were non-adherent to CPAP therapy. METHODS: This was a registry-based cohort study from 37 centers across Sweden with OSA patients on CPAP in the Swedevox Swedish national registry between July 2010 and March 2017. RESULTS: In 16,425 patients (70.8% men) with complete follow-up data after 1.2 ± 0.8 years the adjusted relative risk ratio (aRRR) for the discontinuation of CPAP was 0.57 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.50-0.65) for use of humidifier, 0.87 (95% CI 0.82-0.92) for increasing age per 10 years, 0.80 (95% CI 0.77-0.83) for increasing apnea hypopnea index (AHI) per 5 units/hour, and 0.96 (95% CI 0.95-0.97) per increased unit on the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS). Increasing BMI was associated with increased adherence up to BMI 35. Women and patients with hypertension ran an increased risk of discontinuing CPAP treatment, aRRR 1.28 (95% CI 1.12-1.46) and 1.24 (95% CI 1.12-1.42) respectively. The adjusted hazard ratio (HR) for mortality was 1.74 (95% CI 1.32-2.28) among those who did not adhere to CPAP (median follow-up period 2.4 years after the one year adherence evaluation). CONCLUSION: Use of humidifier is associated with greater adherence to CPAP treatment. Other factors predicting adherence are increasing age, more severe OSA and overweight up to BMI 35, whereas female gender and coexisting hypertension are risk factors for discontinuation of CPAP. Failure to adhere to CPAP is associated with increased mortality.
OBJECTIVES: Adherence to continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is crucial. Our aim was to identify protective and risk factors against the discontinuation of CPAP treatment in patients with OSA and to estimate the mortality risk in those who were non-adherent to CPAP therapy. METHODS: This was a registry-based cohort study from 37 centers across Sweden with OSA patients on CPAP in the Swedevox Swedish national registry between July 2010 and March 2017. RESULTS: In 16,425 patients (70.8% men) with complete follow-up data after 1.2 ± 0.8 years the adjusted relative risk ratio (aRRR) for the discontinuation of CPAP was 0.57 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.50-0.65) for use of humidifier, 0.87 (95% CI 0.82-0.92) for increasing age per 10 years, 0.80 (95% CI 0.77-0.83) for increasing apnea hypopnea index (AHI) per 5 units/hour, and 0.96 (95% CI 0.95-0.97) per increased unit on the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS). Increasing BMI was associated with increased adherence up to BMI 35. Women and patients with hypertension ran an increased risk of discontinuing CPAP treatment, aRRR 1.28 (95% CI 1.12-1.46) and 1.24 (95% CI 1.12-1.42) respectively. The adjusted hazard ratio (HR) for mortality was 1.74 (95% CI 1.32-2.28) among those who did not adhere to CPAP (median follow-up period 2.4 years after the one year adherence evaluation). CONCLUSION: Use of humidifier is associated with greater adherence to CPAP treatment. Other factors predicting adherence are increasing age, more severe OSA and overweight up to BMI 35, whereas female gender and coexisting hypertension are risk factors for discontinuation of CPAP. Failure to adhere to CPAP is associated with increased mortality.
Authors: Jean-Louis Pépin; Sébastien Bailly; Pierre Rinder; Dan Adler; Adam V Benjafield; Florent Lavergne; Anne Josseran; Paul Sinel-Boucher; Renaud Tamisier; Peter A Cistulli; Atul Malhotra; Pierre Hornus Journal: Chest Date: 2022-02-15 Impact factor: 10.262